Sociological Researches on Decline of Seasonal Labor and on the Socioeconomic Change in a coastal fishing Region in Hokkaido.

关注季节工数量的减少，考察调控因素。此外，我们试图确定这种减少与提供劳动力的地区的社会经济变化之间的关系。这些调查研究是在Todohokke（现函馆市）进行的。通过对流动劳动力的研究，得出了如下的结论。首先，直接原因是就业条件对需求的收紧。调查结果表明，以群体为单位工作的规模变小，基于共同领土纽带的社会空间和网络形成的质量发生了变化。其次，还有一个原因可以指出：供给的母体陷入衰退。这种下降与东多霍克近岸渔业的条件有关。渔业为战后的迁徙劳动力奠定了基础。随着体制化的推进，渔业资源受到了限制，渔船工人的机动船拥有率和不拥有率的分层率进一步提高，渔业正在衰退。在年轻一代中，几乎没有人从事渔业工作，在生活方式和对该地区的兴趣方面，他们与其他几代人存在差异。todohoke正在变成一个以近海渔业为中心的多样化、异质化的地区。第三，我们发现之前的情况是渔民和流动劳动力之间的职业分化。然而，今天，该地区在职业分化方面面临着一种完全不同的局面。这种与减少同时出现的新情况表明，在以前的框架内继续渔业和维持地方和区域社会变得越来越困难。

We paid attention to the decrease of the number of seasonal laborers, and examined the regulatory factors. Moreover, we tried to ascertain how the decrease was related to the socioeconomic change of the region that supplies a labor force. The survey research for these was conducted in Todohokke (Currently Hakodate City). Various findings obtained by focused on the migratory laborers are as follows.First, the direct cause was tightening of employment conditions on the demand. The results of the survey suggest that, the scale of the working as a group has become small, and there has been a change in quality of the social space and network formation based on shared territorial bond.Second, one more cause can be pointed out : a parent of supply fall into a decline. The decline is connected with the conditions of the inshore fishery of Todohokke. The fishery laid the foundation of the migratory labor in the post-war period. As the fish farming has been promoting institutionally, there has been a limitations on fishing resources, and advance of stratification of the fishing workers based on possession vs. non-possession of motorized boats, and the fishery is declining. Among the younger generation, almost no one works in the fishery, and there are differences with other generations in terms of lifestyle and interest in the region. Todohokke is changing into a diverse, heterogeneous region centered on inshore fishery.Third, we found that the previous situation was one of occupational differentiation between fishermen and migratory laborers. However, today, the region is facing a situation of an entirely different order in terms of occupational differentiation. This new situation - which appeared together with the decrease - signifies that it is becoming difficult to continue the fishery and maintain the local, regional society in the previous framework.