The world of Hawaii's Local Plays : The birth and Development of Kumu Kahua Theatre

我收集了夏威夷当地戏剧的参考资料和剧本，这些戏剧在受到传统东西方戏剧的影响后，从19世纪到20世纪诞生和发展起来。在当地作家、导演和学者的帮助下，我可以在夏威夷大学的汉密尔顿图书馆、Kumu Kahua剧院和檀香山青年剧院进行研究。我还采访了当地的剧作家和导演。因此，我可以在日本和国外的一些会议上发表论文，并发表文章。我的研究涵盖了夏威夷本地戏剧的三个主要转变。在早期，夏威夷受到西方文化和价值观的入侵，但传统的夏威夷选美诞生了，目的是在夏威夷自然的崇高环境中戏剧化和制作关于夏威夷君主制的历史剧。第二个时期是过渡时期，由于19世纪种植园的建立，更多来自中国、日本、菲律宾和韩国的新移民带来了他们自己独特的戏剧活动和作品，并因此融合在一起。第三个时期是关键的转折点，由于夏威夷的州地位和包括教育在内的各个领域的美国化，夏威夷的地方戏剧从最初以标准英语运作，最初受到美国戏剧的影响，变成了以洋泾浜英语为共同语言，以当地话题为共同兴趣的独特的地方戏剧。这三点描述了夏威夷当地戏剧的历史轨迹，这些戏剧至今仍在蓬勃发展。在对这三点进行研究之后，我两次参加了夏威夷大学马诺阿竹岭研究所的当地作家、评论家和教师的小组讨论。我在竹岭研究所参加的第二个小组特别富有成果因为我和Stephen Sumida交换了我的想法他是夏威夷当地文学团体和出版社的创始成员之一，竹岭出版了第一本关于夏威夷当地文学的书，他也是美国研究协会的主席。尽管夏威夷的地方戏剧现在仍然是一个小领域，但我有很多机会在著名的会议上发表我的论文，比如美国研究协会年会和现代语言协会。少

I collected the references and the scripts of Hawaii's local plays which were born and grew from the nineteenth to the twentieth centuries after they were influenced by both traditional Eastern and Western plays. Assisted by local writers, directors, and scholars, I could do my research at the Hamilton Library of the University of Hawaii, Kumu Kahua Theatre, and also the Honolulu Theatre for Youth. I also interviewed local playwrights and directors. Consequently, I could deliver my paper at some conferences both in Japan and abroad, and published articles.My research covers three major transformations of Hawaii's local plays. In the beginning era, Hawaii was being invaded by Western culture and values yet where the tradition Hawaiian pageant was born in order to dramatize and produce the historical plays regarding Hawaiian monarchy in the sublime setting of Hawaii's nature. The second era is a transitional era where, due to the establishment of plantations in the nineteenth century, ne … More wly-arrived and -settled immigrants from China, Japan, the Philippines, and Korea introduced their own unique theatrical activities and works and as a result, they were blended. The third period is the crucial turning point where, due to the statehood of Hawaii and also Americanization in all fields including education, Hawaii's local plays which were first operated in Standard English and were first influenced by American drama were changed into their unique local drama with Pidgin English as the common language and with local topics as the common interest. Those three points describe the historical trace of Hawaii's local plays which are still now flourishing.After my research regarding those three points, I participated in the panel with local writers, critics, and teachers at Bamboo Ridge Institute at the University of Hawaii at Manoa twice. The second panel which I joined at Bamboo Ridge Institute was especially fruitful because I exchanged my idea with Stephen Sumida who is one of the founding members of Hawaii's local literature group and press, Bamboo Ridge, published the first book on Hawaii's local literature, and also served President of American Studies Association. In spite of the fact that Hawaii's local drama is still now a minor field, I had great opportunities to present my papers at prestigious conferences such as the Annual Meeting of the American Studies Association and also at the Modern Language Association. Less