Genetic mechanism of monocarpic mass flowering and death of Sasa jotanii analyzed by microsatellite DNA markers.

摘要利用水稻微卫星DNA位点，对1997年三岛佐谷草单果大开花后的幼苗群体、山山再生茎和未开花的块茎进行了遗传分析，并与八丈岛三原山不育群体进行了比较。利用4个微卫星位点R230、RM205、RM254和RM60分别对A、B、C和D的多位点基因发生情况进行分析。共使用50个样本dna作为模板，其中3个样本dna来自一株未开花植株（UF）， 13个样本dna来自再生植株（RC）， 8个样本dna来自再生植株（VS）， 6个样本dna来自再生植株（NN）， 4个样本dna来自长崎山（NG）， 16个样本dna来自八岛岛（HA）。A、B、C和D等位基因均局限于Isl的群体或茎上。而八丈岛则没有。三个分散的人口在山宫山，Isl。八丈岛的遗传多样性很差，但几乎相同，这表明这些种群起源于一个连续的老年种群。在宫岛种群中，位于大山东南1公里处的4个NG样本中有3个没有与HA种群相似的等位基因位点。A、B、C仅在遗传频率相近的RC和VS中共现，而在NN中未发现A。未开花的茎簇由6根茎簇组成，其中1根只有等位基因A， 2根没有等位基因A，这表明该茎簇由两个以上的克隆组成，这些克隆来自不同的基因。这些结果表明，等位基因a、B和C的组合诱导了单果的大量开花和死亡，而后者将独立于前者，并由a作为致死基因的泄漏控制。

Seedling populations following the monocarpic mass flowering of Sasa jotanii in the Mikurajima Island in 1997, regenerating culms and unflowered clump on the Mt. Oyama were analyzed on the genetic aspect of the mass flowering using rice microsatellite DNA loci in comparison with three sterile populations on Mt. Miharayama, Hachijojima Island. Four microsatellite loci, R230, RM205, RM254 and RM60 were used for the analyses with respect to the occurrence of multi-locus genes of A, B, C and D, respectively. A total of 50 sample DNAs including three from an unflowered clump (UF), 13 regenerating culms (RC), eight vicinal seedlings to the RC (VS), six non-nearest neighbour seedlings from the RC (NN), four culms from Mt. Nagataki (NG) and 16 from Hachijojima Island (HA) were used as the template.Occurrence of all alleles of A, B, C and D were limited on the populations or culms of Isl. Mikurajima, while none in Hachijojima. Three scattered populations on Mt. Miharayama, Isl. Hachijojima had poor and almost the same genetic diversity suggested that the populations originated from one continuous population in old ages. Among the Mikurajima populations, three out of four samples of NG that located on 1 km south-east from Mt. Oyama had none allelic loci like as the HA populations. Co-occurrence of A, B and C was found only in RC and VS with similar genetic frequencies, whereas A was not found in NN. The unflowered clump composed of six aggregated culms, among which one UF had only allele A, while two had none showed the clump was composed of more than two clones that originated from distinct genets.These results suggests that a combination of genes such as alleles A, B and C induce the monocarpic mass flowering and death, while the latter will be independent from the former and that controlled by A as a leaky of a lethal gene.