Mechanism in recognition of non-self sustained by the interaction between organelles in plant cell

在本研究中，我们试图通过细胞器间的相互作用来阐明植物对MAMPs的识别、信号传递和毒力效应分子的作用。在本财政年度，我们通过PAGE和TOF/MS/MS分析证明了几个分子与植物细胞壁中的apyrase相互作用。我们还发现，MAMPs激活了细胞壁结合的apyrase，导致无机磷的增加，从而刺激了活性氧的产生和防御相关基因的表达。MAMPs还调节细胞周期中M期成分NbCDc27B的表达。NbCDc27B参与了非过敏性细胞死亡的防御反应，芯片分析表明WRKY41的转录激活是由MAMPs诱导的。高表达WRKY41的转化子对丁香假单胞菌表现抗性，而对胡萝卜欧文氏菌敏感，表明WRKY41参与了SA信号转导途径。通过内质网运输蛋白质可能也是防御的关键。基于这些发现，我们讨论了各自细胞器所支持的防御信号。

In this research, we attempted to clarify the plant defense mechanism in recognition of MAMPs, signal transmission and action of virulence effectors, mediated by the interaction between respective organelles. In this fiscal year, we showed that several molecules interacted with apyrase in plant cell wall by PAGE and TOF/MS/MS analyses. We also presented that MAMPs activated the cell-wall-bound apyrase, resulting in increasing inorganic phosphate that stimulated generation of active oxygen species and expression of defense-related genes. MAMPs also regulated the expression of NbCdc27B, which is a component of M phase in cell cycle. NbCdc27B participated in defense reaction without hypersensitive cell death Microarray analysis indicated that the transcriptional activation of WRKY41 was induced by MAMPs. Transformants highly expressed WRKY41 showed resistance to Pseudomonas syringae, but, inversely, susceptiblity to Erwinia carotovara, indicating that WRKY41 participated in SA signaling pathway. Transportation of proteins via endoplasmic reticulum may be also crucial to defense. Based on these findings, we discuss defense signaling sustained by respective organelles.