Research on DNA and morphological analysis of the ancient brain and human skeleton

1.用透射电镜和扫描电镜对弥生人和江户人的部分大脑进行解剖和观察。脑组织由髓鞘网络组成。这表明古代的大脑是由于脂蛋白的存在而保存下来的，而脂蛋白是相对难以溶解的。三宁地区古人类形态人类学研究建立了三宁地区出土古人类骨骼数据库。对青山寺地遗址的部分标本进行了重建。对标本进行了拍照和测量，并与日本其他地区的标本进行了比较。虽然青山寺地遗址的遗骨被认为是弥生移民，但他们与九州北部地区的移民有一些不同。统计分析表明，青山神地人与韩国的热安里人相似。古代大脑和骨骼的DNA分析从弥生-青山神地骨骼和江户人的大脑中获得线粒体DNA。从30块人骨碎片的9个标本中提取线粒体DNA，并进行单倍型鉴定。其中D4型居多，f型居多，这表明青山神地人不是一个简单的族群，而是一个复杂的族群。从江户人的大脑中获得了线粒体DNA，但没有从yaayoi Aoyakamijichi的大脑中获得线粒体DNA。

1.Microscopic analysis of ancient brainsParts of the brain of Yayoi and Edo people were dissected and observed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The brain tissues were composed of networks of myelin sheath. This indicates that the ancient brains were preserved by the presence of lipoproteins which are relatively difficult to be dissolved.2.Morphological anthropological study of Ancient people in Sanin districtData base of the ancient human skeletons excavated from Sanin district was made. A part of the specimens including bones from Aoyakamijichi Site were reconstructed. Specimens were photographed and measured followed by a comparison with those in other district of Japan. Although the skeleton of Aoyakamijichi Site were considered to be a Yayoi-immigrant people, some of them were different with immigrant people in northern part of Kyushu. Statistical analysis showed that Aoyakamijichi people resembles with Reianri people of Korea.3.DNA analysis of ancient brains and skeletonMitochondrial DNA was obtained from Yayoi-Aoyakamijichi skeletons and Edo human brains. Mitochondrial DNA was extracted from 9 specimens of 30 human bone fragments followed by the decision of haplotype. Most of them were D4, but some were F. This indicates that Aoyakamijichi peoples were not a simple group but were complex one. Mitochondrial DNA was obtained from Edo human brains, but not from Yayoi Aoyakamijichi human brains.