Interactive Effects of Two Different Types of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Life Style on Intra-and Inter-individual Changes in Intraocular Pressure and Blood Pressure on the basis of the Longitudinal Epidemiological

本研究的目的是在流行病学分析的基础上，阐明多种生活方式相关因素、血管紧张素原基因密码子174(T174M)多态(AGT174)和线粒体DNA 5178A/C多态(MT5178)对眼压和血压个体内和个体间变化的交互作用。受试者为1999-2006年间由三藤市红十字会医院主办的人体干船坞的中老年受试者。除了几项横断面研究外，还进行了跟踪研究，以流行病学分析上述遗传因素、生活方式、眼压(TOP)和血压(BP)的相互关系。主要结果如下，揭示了遗传因素和生活方式的交互作用。在AGT174中，饮酒习惯对舒张压的影响在M等位基因携带者(MM/TM)和TT纯合子携带者(TT)中不同，在MM/TM中饮酒习惯与舒张压呈明显负相关，而在TT中饮酒习惯与舒张压呈正相关。纵向研究发现，MM/TM组由于吸烟习惯、喝咖啡习惯和高BMI引起的DBP和IOP随时间的增加在MM/TM组比TT组更明显。研究发现，MT5178与习惯性饮酒对血压的影响之间存在显著的横截面关联，表明在携带MT5178C的男性中，日常饮酒者的收缩压和舒张压显著高于偶尔饮酒者或不饮酒者，而在携带MT5178A.4的男性中，饮酒与血压之间没有关联。根据横断面研究的多元回归分析，在MT5178A携带者中，吸烟习惯与眼压升高显著相关，而在MT5178C携带者中，饮酒习惯与眼压显著正相关。

The objective of the present study was to clarify the interactive effects of various life style-related factors, angiotensinogen gene codon 174 (T174M) polymorphism (AGT174) and mitochondrial DNA 5178 A/C polymorphism (MT5178) on intra-and inter-individual changes in intraocular pressure and blood pressure on the basis of the epidemiological analyses. The subjects were middle and old-aged examinees of human dry dock conducted under the auspices of Mito Red Cross Hospital between 1999 and 2006. In addition to several cross-sectional studies, the follow-up studies were conducted in order to epidemiologically analyze the interrelations of the aforementioned genetic factors, life style, intraocular pressure (TOP) and blood pressure (BP).The following main results were obtained, revealing the interactive effects of the genetic factors and life style.1. The effects of drinking habit on diastolic blood pressure (DBP) differed between M allele carrier (MM/TM) and TT homozygote carrier (TT) in AGT174, showing clear inverse cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between drinking habit and DBP in MM/TM in contrast with positive associations in TT.2. From the longitudinal studies, it was found that time-related increases in DBP and IOP due to smoking habit, coffee intake habit and high BMI were more evident in MM/TM than in TT.3. A significant cross-sectional association between MT5178 and the effects of habitual drinking on blood pressure was found, showing that systolic and diastolic BP were significantly higher in daily drinkers than in occasional or non-drinkers among men carrying MT5178C, whereas no associations between drinking and BP were found in men carrying MT5178A.4. According to multiple regression analysis in the cross-sectional study, smoking habit was significantly associated with increased IOP in men with MT5178A, while drinking habit was significantly positively associated with IOP in those with MT5178C.