Study on the characteristics of polar ionosphere, thermosphere and mesosphrere using SuperDARN HF radars

超级双极光雷达网（SuperDARN）是一个全球规模的高频雷达网络，能够感知高纬度电离层E和F区域电离层不规则性的后向散射。这种高频雷达网络已部署在北极和南极地区。位于南极洲的SENSU昭和东和南雷达组成了该雷达网。高频雷达多普勒速度信息中包含的后向散射信号相结合，以产生高纬度等离子体对流和对流电场的地图。利用SuperDARN网络数据，我们研究了极区电离层中观测到的磁层-电离层耦合过程中出现的各种大尺度和中尺度现象/动力学，得到了以下结果：1）利用SUNSESyowa雷达近距离回波探测到了南极地区的极地中层夏季回波（PMSE）现象，并分析了其统计特征;（2）发现了光学脉动极光与E区电涨落同周期的新证据;（3）与芬兰SuperDARN雷达和EISCAT联合进行了EISCAT加热实验，发现了良好的有趣的时空特征;（4）Cusp区光学脉动极光因产生区域和产生条件不同而表现出不同的类型; 5）利用南极洲昭和富士山地磁场及其在冰岛、斯堪的纳维亚和格陵兰岛的共轭观测站以及SuperDARN BF雷达获得的数据，研究了2003年11月23日日食期间共轭半球的电离层扰动，7）在Syowa雷达站安装了立体式雷达系统，这些科学成果已在国际讲习班/会议上提出，并在国际科学期刊上发表。

The Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) is a global-scale network for HF radars capable of sensing backscatter from ionospheric irregularities in the E and F-regions of the high-latitude ionosphere. Such HF radar network has been deployed in Arctic and Antarctic regions. SENSU Syowa East and South radars in Antarctica consist of this radar network. The HF radar Doppler velocity information contained in the backscattered signals has combined to yield maps of high-latitude plasma convection and the convection electric filed. Using the SuperDARN network data we studied various large-scale and meso-scale phenomena/dynamics observed in the polar ionosphere, which occur by the processes of the magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling, and produced following results; 1) Polar mesospheric summer echo (PMSE) phenomena has been detected in Antarctic region using the near range echo obtained by the SUNSE Syowa radars and we analyzed their statistical characteristics, 2) Finding new evidences that optical pulsating auroras are associated with the same period E-region electric fluctuations, 3) EISCAT heating experiment has 'conducted in association with Finland SuperDARN radar and EISCAT, and found fine interesting temporal-spatial characteristics, 4) Optical auroras in the Cusp region showed different types for generation region and generation condition, 5) We examined Ionospheric disturbances in conjugate hemispheres during the 23 November 2003 solar eclipse using magnetometer data obtained at Syowa and Dome-Fuji in Antarctica and their conjugate observatories in Iceland, Scandinavia and Greenland together with the SuperDARN BF radars, 7) Stereo-type radar system has been installed at Syowa radar.These scientific results have been presented in the international workshops/meetings and also published to international scientific journals.