Study on Ultra High-Speed Electric Drive of Automotive Turbocharger to Improve Environmental Compatibility and Drive Performance

在该研究项目资助期间(2004-2005财政年度)，为改善汽车涡轮增压器的环境兼容性和驱动性能，开展了科研补助、汽车涡轮增压器超高速电驱动的研究，取得了以下认识和成果：(1)涡轮增压器超高速电驱动的研制开发了一种用于电助式涡轮增压器的超高速永磁电机/发电机样机。定子铁心采用6槽集中绕组结构，铁心由0.15 mm超薄电磁钢板制成。转子由圆柱形钕永磁体组成，并用碳纤维和金属合金套筒加固。该超高速电机采用72V直流母线电压的伪电流型逆变器供电，逆变器电源电路及其驱动电路采用4层大电流印刷线路板实现。来自Exe…在实际运行中，12万r/min的回热功率为1.3kW，22万r/min的逆变器输出功率为2.2kW。此外，与传统机械涡轮增压器相比，增压滞后改善了45%。(2)增压机超高速电驱动系统的研制开发了一台采用超高速永磁电机的电驱动增压器样机。电机采用三槽定子铁心结构，定子采用集中绕组，转子上安装有钐钴永磁体。采用伪电流源逆变器驱动电机和电动助力涡轮增压器。实验测试结果表明，2.7kW的逆变器输出功率为16万r/min，升压压力响应(涡轮滞后)缩短至0.5 S。(3)在电动增压器的基础上，建立了由2台超高速永磁电机组成的超高速摩托车发电机组的效率测量和损耗分析。使用该实验装置运行的电机，最大效率和功率因数分别为79%和62%。基于有限元的损耗分析发现，永磁体上的涡流损耗占主导地位，占总损耗的38%。较少

During the financial support by this research project (fiscal year 2004-2005), grant-in-aid for scientific research, Ultra High-Speed Electric Drive of Automotive Turbocharger to Improve Environmental Compatibility and Drive Performance were studied and the following knowledge and results were obtained :(1) Development of Ultra High-Speed Electric Drive for TurbochargerA prototype of an ultra high-speed permanent-magnet motor/generator for an electrically assisted turbocharger was developed. 6-slot concentrated winding structure was employed in the stator core, which was made of 0.15-mm super thin electromagnetic steel plates. The rotor was composed with a cylindrical Neodymium permanent-magnet, which was reinforced with a carbon fiber and a metal alloy sleeve. This ultra high-speed machine was fed by a pseudo current-source inverter with 72-V DC bus voltage, and the inverter power circuit and its drive circuit were implemented with a 4-layer large-current printed wire board. From expe … More rimental results of the system, regenerative power of 1.3 kW at 120,000 r/min was confirmed and inverter output power of 2.2 kW at 220,000 r/min was obtained in a motoring operation. In addition, turbo lag was improved by 45 % compared with a conventional mechanical turbocharger, using this electrically assisted system.(2) Development of Ultra High-Speed Electric Drive for SuperchargerA prototype of an electrically driven supercharger was developed, which employed an ultra high-speed permanent-magnet motor. The motor has three-slot stator core structure with concentrated windings and Samarium-Cobalt permanent-magnet on the rotor. A pseudo current-source inverter was used to drive the motor as well as an electrically assisted turbocharger. As a result of experimental tests, 2.7-kW inverter output power was confirmed at 160,000 r/min and boost pressure response (turbo lag) was shortened to 0.5 s.(3) Efficiency Measurement and Losses Analysis of Ultra High-Speed MotorA motor-generator set composed with 2 ultra high-speed permanent-magnet motors was set up on the basis of the electrically driven supercharger. As a result of motor operation using this experimental setup, the maximum efficiency and the power factor was 79 % and 62 %, respectively. Also, it was found from FEM based losses analysis that eddy-current loss on the permanent-magnet was dominant and 38 % of the total loss. Less