Flower form alteration in monocot ornamental plants by genetic transformation

本研究以单子叶植物为材料，通过遗传转化的方法，对单子叶植物的花型进行了如下研究：1.遗传转化体系的建立本研究建立了一套高效、稳定的农杆菌介导的玉米遗传转化体系。此外，外源基因在百子莲转基因植株中得到了长期稳定的表达。orientalis和T. hirta. 2. ABC模型中MADS-box基因的分离与鉴定从A.早熟禾属orientalis、亚美尼亚蝇（Muscari armeniacum）、延龄草（Trillium camtschatcense）、近缘三点草（Tricyrtis affinis）和光叶矮牵牛（Alstroemeria ligtu）。B类基因在内、外花被片中都有表达，支持改良的ABC模型.类环虫基因的分离与鉴定从两种Alstroemeria植物中分离到类环虫基因。对这些基因的表达分析表明，单子叶植物花的左右对称性与双子叶植物相似. MADS-box基因参与ABC模式的遗传转化。早熟禾属通过农杆菌介导的转化，将东方烟草导入到T.hirta、Nicotiana tabacum和Lactucasativa中。对于所有这三个物种，一些转基因植物产生了明显的形态改变的花朵。这些结果表明，通过用异源植物物种的B类MADS盒基因进行遗传转化来进行花型改变的分子育种是可能的。

In the present study, the following experiments were carried out in order to alter flower form in monocot ornamentals by genetic transformation.1. Establishment of genetic transformation systemsAn efficient and reproducible system for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation was established in Tricyrtis hirta. In addition, long-term and stable expression of a foreign gene was confirmed in transgenic plants of Agapanthus praecox ssp. orientalis and T. hirta.2. Isolation and characterization of MADS-box genes involved in the ABC modelVarious MADS-box genes, mainly the class B genes, were isolated from A. praecox ssp. orientalis, Muscari armeniacum, Trillium camtschatcense, Tricyrtis affinis and Alstroemeria ligtu. Expression of the class B genes was observed in both inner and outer tepals, which supports the modified ABC model.3. Isolation and characterization of cycloidea (CFC)-like genesCYC-like genes were isolated from two Alstroemeria species. Expression analyses of these genes indicate that the floral zygomorphy in monocot plants is controlled in a similar manner to dicot plants.4. Genetic transformation with MADS-box genes involved in the ABC modelThe class B genes isolated from A. praecox ssp. orientalis were introduced to each of T.hirta, Nicotiana tabacum and Lactuca sativa by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. For all the three species, some transgenic plants produced flowers with apparent morphological alterations. These results indicate a possibility of molecular breeding for flower form alteration by genetic transformation with the class B MADS-box gene(s) of heterologous plant species.