Systematic structure of protective settlements and Chashi(Fortes Ainu) found in the northern areas, and ethnic encounters

本研究结合当时东北亚地区的情况，试图揭示阿伊努文化时代的茶社底层北海道保护聚落的系统结构，以及北方地区史前族群间的相遇。结果表明：1 .通过对阿伊努文化时代被认为是茶市遗址的地形调查，确认了茶市出现之前具有保护功能的遗存的存在，并对条件进行了考察对北部地区和茶市发现的具有保护功能的遗存进行了系统的分类，明确了古代到近代的过渡我们发现，他们受到了与中央社会的民族文化接触或贸易制度的强烈影响我们认为具有保护功能的遗存和茶石可以被认定为天然堡垒遗存，并通过对概念的解释，对未来的研究方向提出了建议作为对尚未调查的南千岛县学术交流的辅助，我们以专家身份免签证前往北领地，对国后岛古陆町民俗博物馆收藏的资料进行了调查。本研究认为，作为保护聚落的茶市遗址可以被认定为天然堡垒遗址，从而揭示了北方世界文化接触、交流和贸易的实际情况。

Taking into account circumstances in northeast Asia at the time, this study attempted to reveal the systematic structure of protective settlements in Hokkaido, the base layer of Chashi in the Ainu Culture Era, and encounters between prehistoric ethnic groups in the northern areas.The results are shown as follows :1 As a result of topographical surveys on the site considered as Chashi in the Ainu Culture Era, we confirmed the existence of remains with a protective function in the period before the emergence of Chashi, and examined the conditions.2 We systematically classified the remains with a protective function found in the northern areas and Chashi, and clarified the transition from ancient times to recent times.3 We discovered that they had been strongly influenced by ethnic cultural encounters or trade systems with the central society.4 We concluded that the remains with a protective function and Chashi could be recognized as natural fortress remains, and made suggestive recommendations on the direction for future study by explaining the concept.5 Using the conclusion as an aid to academic exchanges in the southern Chishima, which has not yet been investigated, we conducted a survey on materials stored in the Furukamappu Folk Museum in Kunashiri Island through visa-free travel to the Northern Territories as specialist status.By concluding that the remains which have been considered as protective settlements, or Chashi, can be recognized as natural fortress remains, this study revealed the actual conditions of cultural contact, exchanges, and trading in the northern world.