Development of Paddling Tank Equipped with Circulating Water Channel(CWC); Application of Skill Analysis for Elite Kayak Athletes

为提高皮划艇运动员的运动技能，研制了配备CWC(循环水通道)的划桨缸。本研究旨在开发新的划桨水箱训练方法，通过监测冲击力和摇摆角等力学变量，并将其生理反应与1000m皮划艇计时赛的生理反应进行比较。为皮划艇和赛艇的研究和训练，新开发了一种配备CWC的划艇水箱。CWC的功能性能如下：最大流速5.5m/S，水流均匀度~+/-5%，最大波高~50 mm。皮划艇的船头连接在支撑导轨系统上，该导轨系统测量划桨引起的推进力(Fy)和皮划艇的摇摆角(θr)。受试者(国家优秀皮划艇运动员)在水流中进行间歇训练，以保持船位在水速3.5~5.5米/S。在间歇划桨试验中，模拟…用意大利COSMED公司的K4b2系统测量了更多的近海心率和VO2，在1000m计时赛中，速度急剧增加，达到约6m/S，在约300m处逐渐下降到4.0m-4.5m/S。在300m指向目标后，速度下降或保持不变，不同受试者之间存在差异。心率在比赛开始后也急剧增加，并保持在几乎最高水平(180-190次/分)。VO2具有与HR相似的趋势，但在300点后，不同受试者的反应不同。表现最好的运动员(1000m跑3min和45s)表明，瞬时VO2在300m后逐渐升高，达到目标，伴随水平超过190次/分。他是唯一一名能在流速为5.0m/S的水池中完成间歇性工作试验的受试者。国家优秀运动员在FY量级和θr平衡方面优于普通高校运动员。不同竞技水平运动员的θr与Fy的关系不同，表现最好的运动员在θr-Fy曲线上表现出明显的八字形。较少

Paddling tank equipped with CWC(Circulating water channel) has developed for improving the athletic skill in kayak athletes. This study was designed to develop new training methods using paddling tank with monitoring mechanical variables such as impulsion force and rolling angle as well as comparing the physiological responses with those obtained at 1000m-kayak time trial.A rowing tank equipped with CWC was newly developed for both research and training of canoeing and rowing. Functional performance of the CWC were as follows ; maximum velocity of the flow : 5.5m/s, uniformity of the flow : 〜+/-5% and maximum wave height : 〜50mm. Bow of kayak boat was attached to the supporting guide system which measures propulsion force(Fy) caused by paddling as well as rolling angle of the boat(θr). Subjects(national elite canoeing athletes) performed interval training in the flow as to maintain the position of the boat at the water velocity of 3.5 to 5.5m/s. During interval paddling trials, simulta … More neous HR and VO2 were measured by K4b2 system(Cosmed, Italy).At 1000m time trial race, velocity of the boat steeply increased up to about 6m/s and gradually decreased to 4.0-4.5m/s at about 300m point. After 300m point to the goal, the velocity decreased or maintained constant which were differed among the subjects. HR also increased sharply after the start of the race and maintained at almost maximal level(180-190bpm). VO2 had similar tendency as HR, but after 300 point the responses were different from subject to subject. Highest performer(3min and 45s for 1000m race) indicated that instantaneous VO2 increased gradually after 300m to the goal with accompanying level over 190bpm. He was the only subject who could accomplish intermittent work trial in the paddling tank at the flow velocity of 5.0m/s. National elite athletes were superior in Fy magnitude and θr balance than these from collegiate athletes. Relationship between θr and Fy was different among athletic level, the highest performer indicated clear eight figured shape in θr-Fy curve. Less