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CHANGES IN MUSCLE THICKNESS AND MECHANICAL POWER IN JAPANESE MIDDLE AND OLD AGED WOMEN

日本中老年女性肌肉厚度和机械功率的变化

基本信息

批准号：
07680096
负责人：
FUNATO Kazuo
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07680096/
关键词：
Aging power muscle strength Muscle thickness force-velocity 筋厚

项目摘要

In order to study the decrease in mechanical power with aging, force-velocity characteristics and maximum power were examined during upper and lower limb human movements. Subjects were 167 healthy middle and old aged Japanese females aged 31 to 82 yrs who did not participate in any daily physical exercise activity programs. They were fully informed the contents and signed to consensus of this project. Special dynamometer was developed for the measurements of peak power (Pp), force (Fp) and velocity (Vp) during mono and multi articular movements such as elbow flexion (EF), knee extension (KE), hip flexion (HF) and gh clean (HIC). In each movements, Pp and Fp-Vp relations were obtained from different several loads of the dynamometer which was provided by the electrically controlled powder brake system. Muscle thickness was measured by ultrasound technique. Mean values of Pp for EE,KE,HF and HIC were 108,332,141 and 486W for thirties and 62,131,55 and 206W for seventies, respectively. Decreased ratio in power with aging had tendency to be higher in lower limb movements compared to that of upper movement. Decreased ratio were 61% for KE and HF,58% for HIC and 43% for EF.Decrease in muscle thickness with aging was more pronounced in lower limb (Quardriceps femoris) than upper one (Biceps brachii). From the force-velocity relations with aging, decrease in force was obvious than velocity for lower limb movements such as KE,HF and HIC movements. It was concluded that the larger decrease in power with aging in lower limb movements was mainly caused from the decrease in force than velocity of muscle contraction. This finding suggests the necessity of muscle strength training for middle and old aged women particularly to the lower limb musculature for preventing the drop-off in mechanical power with aging.

为了研究机械功率随年龄增长而降低的情况，研究了人体上肢和下肢运动过程中的力-速度特性和最大功率。研究对象为167名健康的日本中老年女性，年龄在31岁到82岁之间，她们没有参加任何日常体育锻炼计划。他们充分了解了这一项目的内容，并签署了共识。研制了专用测功仪，用于测量屈肘(EF)、伸膝(KE)、屈臀(HF)和高位(HIC)等单关节和多关节运动时的峰值功率(PP)、力量(FP)和速度(Vp)。由电控粉末制动系统提供的测功机在不同的载荷下，得到了各运动时的PP和FP-VP关系。用超声技术测量肌肉厚度。EE、KE、HF和HIC的PP平均值分别为108、332、141和486W，70年代分别为62、131、55和206W。与上肢运动相比，随着年龄的增长，下肢运动的功率减少率有升高的趋势。KE和HF的下降率为61%，HIC的下降率为58%，EF的下降率为43%。随着年龄的增长，肌肉厚度的下降在下肢(股四头肌)比上肢(二头肌)更明显。从力量-速度与年龄的关系来看，在KE、HF和HIC等肢体运动中，力量的下降明显大于速度的下降。结论：随着年龄的增长，力量的下降幅度较大，主要是力量的下降，而不是肌肉收缩速度的下降。提示中老年女性有必要进行肌肉力量训练，尤其是对腿部肌肉进行训练，以防止机械力量随年龄增长而下降。