Action research on the learning environment for immigrant children : from a triangulation perspective : a collaboration among public schools, universities, and local communities

该项目的主要协调员土屋千寻和该项目的成员齐藤博美就改善移民儿童的环境进行了一项研究，重点是在日本的两个外国居民社区的小学。这个项目是由公立学校、大学和社区三个团体合作完成的。该项目的参与者是位于丰田市的西和美公立小学的学生(50%的学生来自巴西)和横滨的伊乔公立小学的学生(50%的学生是移民，其中许多是印度支那难民和中国归国人员的孩子)。前者由土屋负责，后者由斋藤负责。有三个关键发现：1.我们结合实际教育情况，掌握了公立学校与移民教育有关的情况；2.我们通过Colabor…开始重新考虑教育制度在小学教师、研究人员和训练有素的教育支持者中给予更多的支持和鼓励。此外，我们还可以参与讨论，为当地学校管理提供决策，为我们在日语教育活动中获得的建议和理论观点提供建议。例如，一份调查问卷被分发给去西和小学学习的移民学生，以了解他们在家里说的语言。在金子(1992)倡导的网络理论的基础上，我们创建了以土屋、西人小学和人当地社区合作为中心的网络系统，并针对具有不同环境背景的学生进行了实地考察。学校在接收移民时，似乎有必要改进课程、管理和文化，因此，该项目创建的网络系统已经成为移民学生教育发展的一个很好的范例。较少

Chihiro Tsuchiya, a major coordinator of this project, and Hiromi Saito, a member of this project, conducted a research study on improving environments for immigrant children, focusing on elementary schools in two of the foreign resident-communities in Japan. This project was done by a collaboration of three groups, public schools, universities, and communities. Participants of this project were students of Nishi-Homi public elementary school (50 percent of the students are from Brazil) located in Toyoda city and of Ichoo public elementary school (50 percent of the students are immigrants, many of them are refugees from Indochina and children of the returnees from China) in Yokohama. The former was taken care of by Tsuchiya and the latter was by Saito.There are three crucial findings.1.We were able to grasp what was going on in public schools in relation to the immigrant education, joining actual educational situations.2.We started to re-consider the educational system through collabor … More ation and the encouragement among elementary school instructors, researchers, and trained educational supporters teaching children. Moreover, we could join discussion for decision-making on the local school management, offering suggestions and theoretical views obtained through our activities in Japanese language-education. A questionnaire, for example, was distributed to immigrant students going to Nishi-Homi elementary school to discover languages spoken at home. Moreover, workshop topics of Ichoo elementary school have been suggested.3.We created the networking system centering on a collaboration of Tsuchiya, Nishi-Homi elementary school, and Homi local community based on the networking theory advocated by Kaneko (1992) with a field work focusing on students having a variety of environmental backgrounds. It appeared necessary for schools to improve their curriculum, management and culture when accepting immigrants.Thus, the networking system created by this project has been a good example of educational development for immigrant students. Less