Study of Nonlinear Shock Acceleration Process : Origin of Cosmic Ray Anomalous Composition

研究了宇宙射线粒子的非线性扩散激波加速过程。(1)大振幅Alfven波相干特性的重要性。(2) β =1等离子体中大振幅Alfven波的新理论结果。(3)在Alfven和声波共存的情况下，加速粒子的激波压缩比和能谱都有较大的变化。(4)有理论认为，宇宙射线组成异常是由激波加速区星际尘埃粒子的优先加速引起的，因此星际尘埃粒子的准确估计对这些理论模型的证实/否定至关重要。为了完善星际尘埃通量的估计，这是了解宇宙射线组成异常起源所必需的，我们对星际尘埃探测雷达方法中的不确定性进行了定量估计。(5)通过扩展雷达探测尘埃的方法，我们开发了一种新的雷达方法来观测由最高能量宇宙射线产生的广泛的空气阵雨。(6)我们获得了2005年9月7日X17太阳耀斑喷发的行星际激波的宇宙射线介导激波特征的新证据。我们还成功地将冲击角测定的估计误差降低到以前估计的30%。(7)我们对行星际慢激波时的粒子加速过程进行了定量研究。

We have studied nonlinear diffusive shock acceleration process for cosmic ray particles. (1) Importance of coherent property of large amplitude Alfven waves. (2) New theoretical result for large amplitude Alfven waves in plasmas of beta=1. (3) Under the coexistence of Alfven and sound waves, the shock compression ratio and the energy spectrum of accelerated particle are substantially modified. (4) There has been theoretical arguments that the cosmic ray composition anomaly is caused by the preferential acceleration of interstellar dust particles in the shock acceleration region, so that the accurate estimation of interstellar dust particles is crucial for the confirmation/rejection of these theoretical models. To refine the estimation of interstellar dust flux, which is needed to understand the origin of cosmic ray composition anomaly, we have obtained quantitative estimation of the uncertainty in the radar method for the interstellar dust detection. (5) By extending the radar method for dust detection, we have developed a new radar method for the observation of extensive air showers produced by highest energy cosmic rays. (6) We have obtained a new evidence of cosmic-ray-mediated shock feature at the interplanetary shock ejected from an X17 solar flare on 7 September 2005. We have also succeeded in reducing the estimation error for the shock angle determination to 30% of the previous estimations. (7) We have made a quantitative study of the particle acceleration process at interplanetary slow shocks.