The coordination between swallowing and nasal/oral breathing

鼻/口呼吸和吞咽功能之间的协调作为一种保护性反射，在吞咽时清除口腔中的唾液、咽中的分泌物和胃中反流的液体。人们已经认识到，下颌骨的位置是控制口腔期吞咽功能和维持上气道通畅的主要因素，因为下颌骨锚定舌骨、舌骨和咽部一些与吞咽和呼吸功能有关的肌肉。我们假设咽部与吞咽和呼吸功能相关的神经肌肉活动的改变会影响上呼吸道的通畅，从而影响吞咽功能和鼻/口呼吸之间的协调。我们研究了1)异丙酚麻醉下正常人对上呼吸道阻塞的代偿反应，2)性别对咪达唑仑全身麻醉下正常人上呼吸道阻塞代偿神经肌肉反应的影响，3)异丙酚镇静下正常女性激素状态对上呼吸道通畅的影响。4)清醒仰卧状态下下颌骨位置对鼻呼吸与非营养性吞咽反射协调性的影响。

The coordination between nasal/oral breathing and swallowing function serve as a protective reflex to clear upper airways from saliva in the mouth, secretions in the pharynx and liquids refluxed from the stomach during swallowing.It has been recognized that the mandible position is a dominant factor for both controlling the swallowing function during oral phase and maintaining upper airway patency, because mandible anchors tongue, hyoid bone and several muscles related to swallowing and respiratory function in pharyngeal region.We hypothesized that if change in neuromuscular activity related to swallowing and respiratory function in pharyngeal region would affect upper airway patency, the coordination between swallowing function and nasal / oral breathing can be influenced.We investigated that 1) The Compensatory Responses to Upper Airway Obstruction in Normal Subjects Under Propofol Anesthesia. 2) Effect of Gender on Compensatory Neuromuscular Response to Upper Airway Obstruction in Normal Subjects under Midazolam General Anesthesia. 3) The effects of hormonal status on upper airway patency in normal women under propofol sedation.4) Effects of mandible position on the coordination between nasal breathing and non-nutritive swallowing reflex in awake supine condition.