Research into Restoration of Destructed Ancient Tombs (Kofun) Used by Aerophotographs

本研究以全国现存的古墓群为研究对象，通过航拍的方式收集古墓群的照片，试图对50座被破坏的古墓群进行视觉还原。本研究中的古墓被归类为“zenpoukouenfun”，建于日本古代。在对被毁古墓的调查中，我们将其分为几类；第一，336座坟墓被破坏或半破坏。第二，204座坟墓被部分破坏。同时，我们收集了与课题相关的资料和照片，并将其保存在数据库管理中。在过去的四年里，照片的数量达到了1500张，相当于700座古墓。这些照片通过航空摄影的立体镜进行调查，并选择合适的照片进行存档和数字化。在此基础上，利用CBS公司的地图矩阵（Map Matrix）和特征矩阵（Feature Matrix），对这些墓葬的类型状况进行了观察，并试图对其进行分析和图形化可视化。虽然上述软件于2009年引入本研究，并于2010年开始全面运行，但到目前为止，已经可以对大约50座墓葬和几组墓葬进行自动数据处理，并实现了其规模和平面类型的恢复。但是，也存在一些问题：例如，考虑到古墓的类型，在自动数据处理中，虽然可以在一定程度上进行视觉观察，但不能完全实现墓的边缘和层的情况等矿工细节。此外，在试图手工修复研究材料中的某些部分时，我们发现它不允许大规模生产，需要足够的技术。尽管存在这些问题，但结论是我们最初的期望已经实现：通过对收集到的材料进行彻底调查，我们实现了重新评估酋长陵墓建造时间的前景。在对大墓的重新评价中，我们在2009学年之前进行的调查的基础上，对近坂地区进行了研究，并以航空照片分析和自动数据处理结果为基础，对全国古墓状况进行了重新审视，重新考虑了“禅宗-口坟”在古代日本历史上的作用。少

In this study, we researched ancient tombs existed nationwide and collectedthe photographs of them by aerial photography, and attempted to visually restore fifty destructed ancienttombs. The ancient tombs in this study are categorized as"Zenpou-Kouenfun", constructed during the ancient times in Japan.In this survey of the destructed ancient tombs, we classified them into several groups; firstly : 336 tombs as having been destructed and half-destructed. Secondly: 204 tombs as having been partially destructed. At the same time, we collected materials and photographs related to the subject, and preserved them in database management.During the last four years, the amount of the photographs reached 1500 pieces equivalent for 700 ancient tombs. The photographs were surveyed through a stereoscope for aerial photography and selected into suitable ones to be archived and digitized. Furthermore, we observed the conditions of types of those tombs, and attempted to analyze and graphically visualiz … More e them, using Map Matrix and Feature Matrix of the CBS Company. Although the software above mentioned was introduced in 2009 into this study and started a full-scale operation in 2010, so far it has been possible for approximately 50 tombs and several groups of the tombs to be automatically data processed, and restoration of their scale and plane type was also achieved.However, several problems are left : for example, considering the type of an ancient tomb, such miner details as the edge of a tomb and the conditions of the layer cannot be realized completely in automatic data procession, in spite of visual observation to a certain degree. In addition to that, in attempting to restore certain parts in research materials manually, we found that it did not admit of mass production in need of sufficient skills.Despite these problems, it is concluded that our original expectations have been fulfilled : we achieved a prospect for reevaluation of the time when the tombs for the chiefs were built, through investigating thoroughly the materials collected. Of the reevaluation of the chief tombs, we studied in the Mimasaka area on the basis of the survey having been done until the 2009 academic year, and considered once again the role of"Zenpou-Kouenfun" in the history of the ancient Japan by reexamining of the conditions of ancient tombs nationwide, on the ground of the analysis of the aerial photographs and the results of automatic data processing. Less