Single-stage gas gun

该建议是一个单级压缩气体炮进行高速冲击（HVI）的金属或纤维增强材料制成的轻质结构的测试，以了解和模拟损坏机制，并能够评估新的结构概念，其抗损坏或能量吸收能力。这种HVI载荷工况在飞机制造和其他技术学科中起着重要作用，因为出于安全原因，它们通常代表大量结构部件的尺寸载荷工况。例子包括鸟撞、冰雹、轮胎或轮缘碎片的撞击等。在新的、更持久的或更轻的飞机设计的研究中，HVI载荷的实验和数值考虑是至关重要的。这种气炮是基于来自压力容器的压缩气体突然膨胀的原理，它使嵌在弹托中的射弹沿着沿着长管加速，以将其射向固定的样品或结构部件。射弹对试验结构的冲击和结构响应一方面通过高速摄像机以及通过Aramis传感器的光学3D应变场测量进行定性和定量评估，另一方面通过应变计、力传感器或加速度传感器进行定性和定量评估，为此需要具有足够多的测量通道的高速数据记录仪。在航空研究领域，较大的射弹特别相关，即由明胶、轮胎部件、轮辋部件、无人机部件等制成的鸟替代射弹。因此，我们正在申请一种具有足够大的管直径（220 mm）的气枪，用于射弹质量在900- 3，600 g范围内，冲击速度约为100-250 m/s。与这个大型研究设施相关的研究目标是作为布伦瑞克工业大学Heimbs教授新任命的一部分，包括对高动态材料和轻质结构材料的损伤行为的研究，包括：开发更耐用的材料，研究冲击保护系统（为了结构、坦克、乘客的安全），研究新型冲击载荷情况，如无人机碰撞，研究简化的、标准化的替代弹，改进和验证数值模拟方法，对许多研究项目中所需的大规模演示器或原型的抗冲击性进行实验演示，制定行业特定的指导方针，标准和要求，以及利用和转让HVI研究成果从航空研究领域的汽车工程，铁路运输或风力涡轮机。

This proposal is for a single-stage compressed gas gun to carry out high-velocity impact (HVI) tests on lightweight structures made of metallic or fibre-reinforced materials in order to understand and simulate damage mechanisms and to be able to evaluate new structural concepts with regard to their damage resistance or energy absorption capability. Such HVI load cases play a major role in aircraft construction and other technical disciplines because they often represent the dimensioning load cases for a large number of structural components for safety reasons. Examples include bird strike, hailstorm, impact from tyre or rim fragments, etc. In the research of new, more sustainable or lighter aircraft designs, the experimental and numerical consideration of HVI loads is of paramount importance. Such a gas gun is based on the principle of the abrupt expansion of a compressed gas from a pressure vessel, which accelerates a projectile embedded in a sabot along a long tube to shoot it at a fixed sample or structural component. The impact of the projectile on the test structure and the structural response are evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively on the one hand by means of high-speed cameras as well as optical 3D strain field measurement via Aramis sensor, and on the other hand by means of strain gauges, force sensors or acceleration sensors, for which a high-speed data recorder with a sufficiently high number of measuring channels is required. In the field of aeronautical research, larger projectiles are particularly relevant, i.e. bird subsitute projectiles made of gelatine, tyre parts, wheel rim parts, drone components, etc. Therefore, we are applying for a gas gun with a sufficiently large tube diameter (220 mm) for projectile masses in the range of 900-3,600 g at impact velocities of about 100-250 m/s. The goals of the research associated with this large-scale research facility as part of Prof. Heimbs' new appointment at TU Braunschweig include the investigation of the highly dynamic material and damage behaviour of lightweight structural materials incl. the development of more resistant materials, the research of impact protection systems (for the safety of structures, tanks, passengers), the research of novel impact load cases such as drone collision, the research of simplified, standardised substitute projectiles, the improvement and validation of numerical simulation methods, the experimental demonstration of the impact resistance of large-scale demonstrators or prototypes desired in many research projects, the development of industry-specific guidelines, standards and requirements, as well as the utilisation and transfer of HVI research findings from aeronautics research to the fields of automotive engineering, rail transport or wind turbines.