TephroBridge: Establishing a TEPHROstratigraphy for the Eastern Anatolian Volcanic Provenance to BRIDGE the gap in the knowledge in eastern Mediterranean chronology

由于东地中海处于不同大气环流的交汇处，因此对气候突变高度敏感。过去的环境记录提供了对气候驱动因素和环境反应的洞察。然而，时间上的不确定性给充分了解潜在的区域气候(A)同步性带来了挑战。使用可见和不可见(隐形)的火山灰(火山灰)的方法可以成为解决这些问题的强有力的年代学工具。通过对火山源及其喷发进行地球化学性质的描述，Tephra对比可以提供精确的测年和同步时间标记(等时线)，从而能够将跨地区的记录联系起来并进行测年。拟议的TephroBridge研究旨在为这样一个重要的火山中心--东安纳托利亚火山省(EAVP)--建立详细的火山地层。涅姆鲁特火山和S火山是该地区重要的火山灰来源，在众多的古气候和考古记录中都有发现，但仍然缺乏全面的火山灰地层。这项研究计划使用电子探针显微分析(EPMA)和LA-ICPMS等技术对范湖Ahlat Ridge岩芯(5034-2)的火山灰岩层进行地球化学性质的表征。岩相学鉴定、形态描述和薄片分析将进一步确定特弗拉岩层的特征。这项研究的目的是将这些新的地球化学分析的盖夫拉层(主要、次要和微量元素组成)与在死海记录和该地区其他重要的古气候和考古记录中发现的隐盖夫拉层相关联。到目前为止，TephroMed项目证明了这项研究未来的成功，该项目将从死海到凡湖的隐蔽层关联起来，完善了Levant的年表，并提供了对过去气候变化的洞察。总体而言，这一研究项目将为EAVP建立一个全面的古地层学框架。这将使区域记录能够使用Tephra层进行更好的同步，以增强对地中海东部过去气候反应的洞察，缩小对当前地中海年表的了解差距。

The eastern Mediterranean is highly sensitive to abrupt climatic changes due to its location at the confluence of distinct atmospheric circulations. Past environmental records offer insights into the climatic drivers and environmental responses. However, chronological uncertainties present challenges in fully understanding potential regional climatic (a)synchronies. The method of using tephra (volcanic ash), both visible and non-visible (cryptotephra), can be a powerful chronological tool to overcome these problems. By geochemically characterising volcanic sources and their eruptions, tephra correlations can offer precise dating and synchronous time markers (isochrones), enabling the linking and dating of records across regions. The proposed research of TephroBridge aims to establish a detailed tephrostratigraphy for one such important volcanic centre, the Eastern Anatolian Volcanic Province (EAVP). The volcanoes of Nemrut and Süphan are significant sources of tephra in the region, found in numerous palaeoclimatic and archaeological records, but a comprehensive tephrostratigraphy is still lacking. The study plans to geochemically characterise the tephra layers from Lake Van's Ahlat Ridge core (5034-2) using techniques like electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA) and LA-ICP-MS. Petrographic identification, morphological descriptions, and thin section analysis will further characterise the tephra layers. The research aims to correlate these newly geochemically analysed tephra layers, the major, minor, and trace element compositions, with cryptotephra layers found in the Dead Sea record and other important palaeoclimatic and archaeological records in the region. The study's future success is demonstrated so far by the TephroMed project, which correlated cryptotephra layers from the Dead Sea to Lake Van's tephra layers, refining the Levant's chronology and providing insights into past climatic variability. Overall, this research project will establish a comprehensive tephrostratigraphic framework for the EAVP. This will enable improved synchronisation of regional records using tephra layers to enhance insights into past climatic responses in the eastern Mediterranean, bridging the gap in knowledge of the current Mediterranean chronology.