Biomechanical analysis for how to attain proficiency in ball impact technique in soccer

踢得快是足球运动员的基本能力。通过每天的训练，球员们学习如何有效地将脚和腿的动力传递到球上。本研究采用横断面研究方法，对51名8 ~ 24岁的足球运动员（包括职业足球运动员）从儿童期到青少年期脚背踢球时的击球特征变化进行了研究。利用两台每秒2000帧的超高速摄像机拍摄了最大脚背踢球时小腿、脚和球的运动。检测三维足部角运动，计算球-足速度比（BFVR）作为击球效率的指标。为了量化碰撞所赋予的质量，根据动量守恒方程估算了踢球肢体的有效击球质量，结果表明，随着年龄的增长，击球前的脚速、球速和BFVR系统地增加。在大多数试验中， ...更多信息 d进入跖屈，外展和外翻在球的影响，无论年龄。与Asami和Nolte（1983）的观点相反，他们认为脚的刚性是良好的足球冲击的关键因素，这些被动脚角位移与BFVR没有关系。有效打击质量与体重呈显著正相关（r=0. 05）。89）、足质量（r=0. 91）和BFVR（r=0. 88）。脚和鞋的质量之和相当于84。0±9。Lees和Nolan（1998）还推测，如果踝关节在击球时变得更加僵硬，有效的击球质量将通过增加脚上的小腿质量来增加。然而，我们的研究结果表明，如果脚击中球与适当的位置（即。e.球的撞击很可能是穿鞋的脚和球之间的碰撞。足球运动员的身体尺寸对球的撞击效率有很大的影响。因此，由于脚的质量小，年轻球员有一些缺点，有效地踢球，即使他们的踢球技术很好熟练。少

To kick the ball faster is essential ability for soccer players. Through daily training, the players learn how to impart the foot and leg momentum into the ball effectively. The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of ball impact characteristics in instep kicking from childhood to adolescent players by the cross-sectional method.Fifty one skilled(including professional) soccer players from 8 to 24 years old participated. The shank, foot and ball motions during ball impact of maximal instep kicking were captured by two ultra-high-speed video cameras at 2000 fps. 3D foot angular motion was detected, and the ball-foot velocity ratio(BFVR) was calculated as the index of ball impact efficiency. To quantify how much the mass was imparted for the collision, effective striking mass of kicking limb was estimated from the equation of momentum conservation.Foot velocity before ball impact, ball velocity, and BFVR increased systematically with age. In most trials, the foot was force … More d into plantar flexion, abduction and eversion during ball impact regardless of age. In contrast to Asami and Nolte(1983) who suggested that the rigidity of the foot is critical factor for good foot-ball impact, these passive foot angular displacements have no relationship to BFVR. The effective striking mass was strongly correlated with their body mass(r=0. 89), foot mass(r=0. 91), and BFVR(r=0. 88). The sum of the mass of the foot and shoe corresponded to 84. 0±9. 6% of the striking massLees and Nolan(1998) also speculated that if the ankle becomes more rigid at ball impact, the effective striking mass would increase by adding some part of the shank mass on the foot. However, our results suggested that if the foot hit the ball with appropriate position(i. e. around the centre of mass), the ball impact is most likely assumed to be a collision between the shod foot and the ball.The physical size of the soccer players has great influence on the ball impact efficiency. Therefore, due to the small mass of the foot, younger players have some disadvantage to kick the ball effectively even if their kicking technique is well skillful. Less