A Study of Gender Structure in the Kofun Period as Reflected in the Human-shaped Haniwa Figurines

本研究通过对公元5至6世纪的人形哈尼瓦俑的分析，阐明了古坟时代的性别结构。D.哈尼瓦是一个通用术语，指的是古坟时期安装在坟墓（古坟）上的陶瓷葬礼雕塑。本研究（1）收集了东、西日本的人形羽族俑的资料;（2）对它们的身体表征进行了详细的观察;（3）通过分析从每个坟墓中出土的羽族俑的身体属性来研究性别化的过程;（4）通过对这些案例的比较分析来研究古坟时期的性别结构。因此，本研究揭示了古坟时期性别化过程的一个特征：异质规范性和反异质规范性的竞争性性别化过程产生了人形哈尼瓦俑的身体表征。此外，本研究还推进了日本考古学中奇怪考古学方法的理论和实践。

This research clarifies the gender structure of the Kofun period through an analysis of the human-shaped haniwa figurines of the fifth to sixth centuries A. D. Haniwa is a general term that refers to ceramic funerary sculptures on mounted tombs(kofun) of the Kofun period. This research(1) gathers data on the human-shaped haniwa figurines of eastern and western Japan ;(2) makes detailed observations of their bodily representations ;(3) presents studies of the gendered process by analyzing the bodily attributes of the haniwa figurines excavated from each tumulus ; and(4) studies the gender structure of the Kofun period through a comparative analysis of these case studies. As a result, this research brings to light a feature of the gendered process in the Kofun period : The competitive gendered processes of heteronormativity and anti-heteronormativity generated the bodily representations of the human-shaped haniwa figurines. Additionally, this research advances the theory and practice of a queer archaeological approach in Japanese archaeology.