New Definition of "Time" Based on Physiological Activity Level and its Application

我们进行了测量单位时间内的物理任务量的实验，然后将新的“时间”定义为逆：每个物理任务单元所需的时间。例如，我们把汽车驾驶作为体力任务，因为这项任务是常见的。通过对驾驶过程中多项生理指标的测量，找出了受试者疲劳程度与驾驶精度的关系。我们认识到，这种关系在不同年龄和性别的主体上是共同的。这意味着我们可以使用关系作为一个指标，这是依赖于个人和他们的情况。该指标由心率、血流量、体表温度等生理测量值定义，可通过标准装置无创获取。如果在一小时内进行测量，我们可以用这些值来定义指示器。我们对6名受试者进行了驾驶实验，并计算了该指标的值。实验结果表明，与个体相对应的指标“时间”可以反映个体的疲劳状态或生理状态。由于测量计算的指标值与问卷调查的答案之间存在一定的差异，因此指标值与主观评价之间的关系模糊不清。

We conducted experiments for measuring the amount of physical task per unit time, and then defined new"Time"as the inverse : required time per physical task unit. As an example, we take car driving as the physical task because the task is common. We measured several physiological indices while driving, and found out the relation between the fatigue of the subject and the driving accuracy. We realize that the relation is in common over the ages and the sex of subjects. This means that we can use the relation as an indicator which is dependent on individuals and on their situations. The indicator is defined by the values of physiological measurements : heart rate, blood flow, and temperature of face surface, which can obtained non-invasively from standard devices. We can define the indicator by these values if the measurements over one hour are obtained. We conducted experiments of driving with six subjects, and calculated the values of the indicator. It is shown with the experimental results that the indicator corresponding to individual is useful as"Time"reflecting the fatigue or the physiological conditions of the individual. The relation between the value of the indicator and the subjective evaluation was obscure because a certain difference was observed between the values of the indicator calculated from the measurements and the answers of the questionnaire survey.