Clarification of the mechanism of choking under pressure:focus on the closed-open dimension of motor skills.

本研究的目的是通过运动技能的封闭-开放维度来探讨运动压力下窒息的发生机制。在此基础上，针对不同技能特点，探讨应对方式。结果表明，在压力下，封闭技能和开放技能的注意力都会发生变化。这些包括有意识的处理和分心。因此，无论运动技能的特点如何，都认为有必要适当地控制注意对象。研究还表明，两种技能的动作位移都有所减少，而开放式技术的准确性和效率都有所下降。上述结果表明，对于需要估计和应对环境变化的技能来说，应对混乱的感知和认知以及情绪反应是必不可少的，因为这些技能需要对环境信息的准确感知和适当的动作执行。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of choking under pressure on sports, by focusing on the closed-open dimension of motor skills. Furthermore, coping methods were investigated on the basis of skills characteristics. The results indicated changes in attention under pressure for both closed and open skills. These included conscious processing and distraction. Therefore, it was considered necessary to control the object of attention appropriately, regardless of the characteristics of the motor skills. It was also indicated that the displacement of movements decreased for both skills and accuracy and efficiency declined for open skills. The above results suggest that coping with confused perceptions and cognitions, as well as with emotional responses is essential for skills that need estimating and coping with changes in the environment, because such skills need accurate perception of environmental information and appropriate execution of movements.