Urban Restructuring and the Inequality of Social Capital among Poor Women in India: An Empirical Study

这项研究探讨了印度艾哈迈达巴德城市治理的重组及其对穷人不平等的影响。它涉及贫民窟居民对新自由主义增长形式的态度，以及他们在国家政策和非政府组织扶贫方案领域内外生存的多种战略。我的案例研究表明，那些家庭成员受雇于正规部门或从事小企业的人，往往倾向于支持执政的印度教右翼政党，该党推动以增长为导向的城市政策，以满足中产阶级的现代愿望。另一方面，非正规部门的半就业人员以及穆斯林居民往往对当前城市政策的意图持怀疑态度，因为他们过去曾以发展的名义被驱逐或被排除在公共服务之外。在这一新的政治格局中，非政府组织在解决非正规部门工人的权利以及印度教徒和穆斯林之间的社区和谐方面一直是先锋，现在在新自由主义和社区城市治理运动之后保持沉默。

This study explored the restructuring of urban governance and its impact on inequality among the poor in Ahmedabad, India. It addressed issues pertaining to the attitude of slum dwellers towards the neoliberal forms of growth as well as their multiple strategies to survive within and outside the realm of state policies and NGOs’ pro-poor programmes. My case study demonstrates that those whose household members are employed in the formal sector or engaged in small business tend to be in favour of the ruling Hindu right-wing party, which promotes growth-oriented urban policies that meet the modern aspirations of the middle-class. On the other hand, the semi-employed in the informal sector as well as Muslim residents tend to be sceptical of the intention of current urban policies due to their past experience of eviction in the name of development or their exclusion from public services. In this new political landscape, NGOs, which were hitherto in the vanguard of addressing the rights of informal sector workers and communal harmony between Hindus and Muslims, now remain silent in the wake of the neoliberal and communal drive of urban governance.