Polyphase flanking folds

构造地质学的一个重要目标是揭示高应变带的运动学。为了实现这一目标，地质学家使用运动学指示器，这是一种结构，它提供了关于流场的几何和时间相关性的信息，例如剪切传感和扭压/伸缩设置。侧向结构是常见的运动学指标，它包括剪切带、不对称凸起和侧向褶皱，它们是由于材料不连续面附近流场的局部扰动而发展起来的。这个项目的目的是通过研究自然例子以及数值和类比实验模型来研究发展侧翼结构的物理学。这些结果将有助于更好地理解这些结构在高应变状态下的萌生和生长过程，为正确解释自然现象提供依据。该研究在评价主要断裂带的运动感和整体运动学方面具有实际应用价值。它还具有直接的经济适用性，例如，在了解正断层和反向断层上方的上盘反形态的发育方面，这两种构造是重要的油气圈闭。该项目是美因茨大学(C.Passchier教授)、维也纳-奥地利大学(B.Grasemann博士)和苏黎世理工大学(N.Mancktelow博士)地球科学系之间国际合作的一部分，试图在了解侧翼结构方面取得重大进展。

An important goal of structural geology is to unravel the kinematics of high strain zones. To attain this goal, geologists use kinematic indicators, which are structures that give information on the geometry and time-dependence of the flow field e.g. shear sense and transpressional/transtension setting. Flanking structures are common kinematic indicators which include shear bands, asymmetric boudins and flanking folds that develop due to local disturbance of the flow field adjacent to material discontinuities. The aim of this project is to study the physics of developing flanking structures through the study of natural examples and numerical and analoque experimental modelling. The results will provide a better understanding of the initiation and growth of these structures to high strain for the correct interpretation of natural examples. The study has a practical field application in assessing the sense of movement and overall kinematics of major fault zones. It also has direct economic applicability, for example in understanding the development of hanging wall antiform above normal and reverse faults, structures that are important traps for hydrocarbons. This project is part of an international cooperation between Earth Science Departments of the Universities of Mainz (Prof. C. Passchier), Vienna-Austria (Dr. B. Grasemann) and ETH-Zurich (Dr. N. Mancktelow) attempting to bring major advance in the understandig of flanking structures.