Mechanical and thermal properties of living organisms at the mesoscopic scale

(I)力(功)和(Ii)温度(热)通常被认为是宏观参数。在这里，我们开发了在单细胞尺度上处理这些物理参数的新方法，并试图发现重要的生物学现象。(1)开发了一种新型的电池片系统。我们在光学显微镜下观察了细胞片对外界机械刺激的反应。(Ii)我们发现细胞对热脉冲有反应。此外，我们还开发了新的温度探测器来研究单细胞的生热作用。

(i) Force (work) and (ii) temperature (heat) are frequently considered as macroscopic parameters. Here we developed novel methods to handle these physical parameters at the single cell scale, and tried to discover biologically important phenomena. (i) A novel cell-sheet system was developed. We examined the response of a cell-sheet to external mechanical stimulus under an optical microscope. (ii) We found the cells respond to heat pulses. Also, we developed novel temperature probes to study single cell thermogenesis.