Theoretical and experimental study on adaptive basis of sanction.

这项研究的目的是调查制裁人(即从事制裁的人)的适应基础。一系列小品实验和实验室实验的结果表明，个人制裁者的声誉因制裁方法(惩罚或奖励)而异，而集体制裁者则获得正面声誉，无论制裁方法如何。调查结果还表明，在实行集体制裁制度时是否存在协议并不影响该制度的功能。

The purpose of the study was to investigate the adaptive basis of sanctioners (i.e., those who engage in sanctioning). The results of a series of vignette experiments and laboratory experiments showed that the reputation of individual sanctioners differed depending on the method of sanction (punish or reward), while collective sanctioners received positive reputation regardless of the method of sanction. The results also suggested the possibility that the existence of agreement upon the introduction of the collective sanctioning system did not influence the function of the system.