Void evolution in soluble rocks: Development and validation of numerical models by field evidence

通过数值模拟研究了水文地质环境与溶洞演化之间的关系。早期的研究侧重于一般的概念设置，而本项目旨在建立与地点相关的数值模型，该模型主要基于从选定的研究地点收集的实地数据。研究地点将位于乌克兰西部的喀斯特地形，因为这个地区有很好的记录，展示了喀斯特进化阶段的完整序列，并承载了各种各样的喀斯特现象。因此，项目成果将很容易转移到其他喀斯特地区。将利用地理信息系统（GIS）汇编和分析实地数据，得出不同类型环境下与场地有关的空洞演变概念模型。这些概念模型将通过数值模拟加以检验，并通过比较模型结果和实地观察反复加以改进。从而识别促进溶洞演化的水文地质环境。通过对相关文献的梳理，研究地点的概念将被转移和适应到其他喀斯特地区。因此，将提供评估喀斯特地质灾害所需的基本知识，如地面沉降、崩塌和大坝溃坝。

The relation between hydrogeological environment and void evolution in soluble rocks will be examined by numerical modeling. Whereas earlier research focussed on generic conceptual settings, this project aims to establish site-related numerical models that are largely based on field data compiled from selected study sites. The study sites will be located in the karst terrain of the Western Ukraine, because this area is well documented, displays the full sequence of karst evolutionary stages, and hosts a wide variety of karst phenomena. Consequently, project results will be readily transferable to other karst areas. Using a Geographic Information System (GIS), field data will be compiled and analysed yielding site-related conceptual models of void evolution in various types of settings. These conceptual models will be tested by numerical modelling and iteratively improved by comparing model outcome and field observations. As a result, hydrogeological environments promoting the evolution of voids in suluble rocks will be identified. Based on a through literature review, the concepts derived from the study sites will be transferred and adapted to other karst regions. Thus, the fundamental knowledge required for the assessment of karst geohazards, such as land subsidence, collapses, and dam failure, will be provided.