Control of fixational eye movements and posture

在这份更新建议中，我们申请作为研究组的一部分继续进行注视眼移动(Fem)的研究。该项目第一个资助期的成果涉及三个主题。首先，我们开发了新的方法来分析注视任务和场景观看过程中的有限元和微扫视。例如，一种基于小波的表征技术表明，个体间的差异可以减少到微扫视形状的几个主成分。其次，我们证明了有限元与眼跳反应时间的相关性。微扫视有助于自然场景中的扫视促进效应。此外，我们的结果表明，有限元在噪声增强感知中起着重要作用。最后，我们建立了基于势中自回避行走的有限元和微扫视的集成模型。在项目的第二阶段，模型驱动的调查将在我们的研究计划中发挥关键作用。首先，我们计划进行一系列实验，使用视线相关的显示变化来影响微眼跳统计数据(例如，速度、幅度、方向)。对于所有计划的实验，都可以获得特定的模型预测。我们预计，显示变化对有限元的影响可能会通过激活场的重置在模型中重现；注意力的转移可能会用电位的瞬时变化来描述。其次，我们将基于开发的微眼跳表征工具，比较不同任务(阅读、场景观看、视觉搜索)的微眼跳特性。第三，我们计划对有限元和体位的耦合进行后续研究，并将调查扩展到其他生理参数(瞳孔、心率)。

In this renewal proposal, we apply for a continuation of the research on fixational eyemovements (FEM) as part of the Research Group. Results from the first funding period of the project are related to three topics. First, we developed new methods for the analysis of FEM and microsaccades during fixation tasks and scene viewing. For example, a wavelet-based characterization technique demonstrated that interindividual differences can be reduced to few principal components of the microsaccades' shapes. Second, we demonstrated the relevance of FEM to saccadic reaction times. Microsaccades contribute to the saccadic facilitation effect in natural scenes. Furthermore, our results suggest that FEM serve an important role in noise-enhanced perception. Finally, we developed an integrated model of FEM and microsaccades based on a self-avoiding walk in a potential. In the second phase of the project, model-driven investigations will play a key role for our research program. First,we plan to run a series of experiments that use gaze-contingent display changes to influence microsaccade statistics (e.g., rate, amplitude, orientation). For all of the planned experiments, specific model predictions can be obtained. We expect that the effects of display changes on FEM might be reproduced in the model by a reset of the activation field; an attentional shift might be described by transient changes of the potential. Second, we will compare properties of microsaccades across tasks (reading, scene viewing, visual search) based on the developed tools for the characterization of microsaccades. Third, we plan to run follow-up studies on the coupling of FEM and posture and will extend the Investigations to other physiological parameters (pupil, heart rate).