臨界ゲルクラスターを用いた巨大生体分子分離媒体の創製

带电溶质在聚合物网络中的迁移受扩散和电驱动迁移的控制，后者在凝胶电泳中被过度利用。然而，由于影响迁移的结构参数的数量不可控，导致溶质-基质相互作用的物理机制仍然不清楚。本论文以四聚乙二醇凝胶为模型体系，研究了在恒定电场条件下结构参数对DNA分子迁移的影响。最后的网络连接以及诱导电渗的影响进行了澄清。此外，我们提出了一种新的PEG凝胶电泳策略，用于分离DNA片段和低分子量化合物，通过掺杂氧化石墨烯（GO）到tetra-PEG凝胶。结果表明，GO的加入显著提高了DNA片段的分离分辨率，并显著降低了小电荷染料溴化乙锭和罗丹明6 G的电泳迁移率。这些结果为石墨烯及其衍生物在各种电泳技术中用于分离和检测DNA片段和其他带电分子提供了有前途的潜力。

Mobility of charged solutes in polymer networks is governed by diffusion and electrically driven migration, the latter one excessively utilized in gel electrophoresis. However, the physical mechanism of the migration is still not clear yet due to the uncontrollability of the number of structural parameters influencing migration, resulting in no clear understanding of solute-matrix interactions. In this thesis we used tetra-PEG gel as a model system and investigated the influence of structural parameters on migration of DNA molecules under constant electric field conditions. The effects of final network connectivity as well as induced electroosmosis were clarified. In addition, we propose a novel PEG gel electrophoresis strategy for separation of DNA fragments and low molecular weight compounds by doping graphene oxide (GO) into tetra-PEG gel. The results show that the addition of GO into PEG gel significantly improved the separation resolution of DNA fragments and considerably decreased electrophoretic mobility of small charged dyes ethidium bromide and rhodamine 6G. These results provide promising potential for graphene and its derivate utilized in various electrophoresis techniques for separation and detection of DNA fragments and other charged molecules.