Soil fungi as link between plant derived carbon and soil food webs (FunLink)

这个子项目调查真菌在将植物来源的碳转移到农业土壤中的微生物和消费者有机体中所起的作用。丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)定植于根和土壤中，是菌根(共生)的通道。腐生(腐生)通道是由土壤真菌攻击植物凋落物中的复杂碳聚合物形成的。在第一阶段中，我们发现了分布广泛的两个通道的真菌，它们可能是土壤隔间的水平碳转移管道。我们还发现了隔室特有的真菌，这表明土壤中的一部分碳转移是通过营养链垂直进行的。新阶段的目标是明确水平和垂直C-转移途径的各自重要性，并在垂直途径内考虑微生物内循环的参与。一个目标也是更好地区分植物来源的碳通过活的和死的植物材料输送到土壤中的各自轨迹。该项目将再次结合现场和微型实验，使用下一代测序等分子工具，并以RNA和DNA模板为目标，以提高活性真菌生物群的分辨率。我们将使用不同生命形式的13C标记真菌菌株来实现通用的实验模型系统，以更好地描述土壤营养链中真菌C的轨迹。最强的是，该SP连接到SP MicLink、SP NemWeb和SP FaunWeb。

This subproject investigates the role fungi play in transferring plant-derived carbon to microbial and consumer organisms in agricultural soils. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonizing roots and soils represent the mycorrhizal (symbiotic) channel. The saprotrophic (saprobic) channel is formed by soil fungi attacking complex carbon polymers of the plant litter. In the first phase we detected fungi of both channels with wide distribution, which may act as horizontal C-transfer pipelines between soil compartments. We also found compartment specific fungi, suggesting that a part of the C transfer in soils proceeds vertically through trophic chains. The new phase aims at precising the respective importance of the horizontal and vertical C-transfer routes and, within the vertical one, to consider the involvement of intramicrobial loops. One goal is also to better separate the respective trajectories of the plant derived C delivered to soils by living and by dead plant materials. The project will again combine field and microcosm experiments, use molecular tools such as next generation sequencing and target both RNA and DNA templates to increase the resolution of the active fungal biota. We will contribute to implement common experimental model systems using 13C labelled fungal strains with different life forms to better depict the fungal C trajectory through soil trophic chains. Most strongly this SP is connected to SP MicLink, SP NemWeb and SP FaunWeb.