Structure and function of "dan" in Japanese spoken and written discourse

本文在对前人研究成果进行理论分析的基础上，通过对日语书面语和口语中的“但”字段的功能和结构的调查，对日语书面语和口语中的“但”字段的功能和结构进行了研究。(1)书面话语和口头话语的直接成分，即，日语中最大的语言单位是具有话题统一功能的“段”单位。(2)“但”原则上是由1）“主题句”（主题句）和2）由这些主题句统一起来的支持句组成，主题句表达主题表达和谓语表达的主题。(3)日本语有六种类型。这些语篇类型是根据主题句的位置和位置来分类的。(4)在日语语篇中，最常见的是bikatugata的“主要观点结尾”类型（主题句出现在结尾）。(5)我们对两组被试进行了一项问卷调查，被试根据听或阅读到的议论文的主要观点撰写摘要。结果表明，两组学生的摘要都倾向于反映原文的主要观点。摘要为原文中的“段”的结构和功能提供了证据，摘要中有使用主题句和主题句成分的倾向。

The present research on the function and structure of the semantic paragraph "dan" in Japanese written and spoken discourse, is based on a theoretical investigation of previous research and results of a survey on summaries of an essay which was heard or read.(1) The immediate constituents of written discourse and spoken discourse, i.e., the largest linguistic units in Japanese, are "dan" units which have a topic unifying function.(2) "Dan" in principle are composed of 1) "tyuusinbun" (topic sentence (s) ), which express the topic of topic expressions and predicate expressions, and 2) the supporting sentences which are unified by these topic sentence (s) .(3) Tere are 6 types of Japanese discourse. These discourse types are classified according to the firequency and position of the thesis sentence (s) .(4) In Japanese discourse, bikatugata 'main point final' type (where the topic sentence occurs at the end) is the most common.(5) We conducted a survey of two groups in which the surveyees wrote summaries based on their hearing or reading of a main point final type argumentative essay. Results showed that there was a tendency for the summaries of both groups to reflect the main point final structure of the original text. The summaries provided evidence for the structure and function of the dan in the original text, and there was a tendency for elements of the thesis sentence and topic sentences to be used in the summaries.