The influence of motivational factors on the accuracy of credibility judgments of lay judges of "experts"

在社会心理学领域，关于日常生活中的谎言的研究有着悠久的传统。近年来，信息处理的一般理论已被用来解释测谎过程，动机变量已被发现在判断准确性时调节语言和非语言信息的使用（例如Reinhard & spore， In press）。拟议的研究从两个方面扩展了这些理论假设。首先，不确定性管理模型（van den Bos, 2001）将被用来解释情绪不确定性对测谎过程的影响。虽然对测谎准确性的研究在心理学和法学领域有着悠久的传统，但社会心理学或社会认知领域的理论很少被用来解释测谎的过程（见Granhag & Strömwall， 2004）。其次，本研究项目将把外行人测谎过程的理论成果应用于心理学和法学领域。具体而言，警察或法官的认知需求和情绪不确定性对测谎过程的影响需要进行测试。此外，应该制定策略来提高警察在发现欺骗的准确性。

Research about lying in everyday life has a long tradition in the field of social psychology. In recent years, general theories of information processing have been used to explain the process of lie detection, and motivational variables have been found to moderate the use of verbal and nonverbal information in judgments of veracity (e.g. Reinhard & Sporer, in press). The proposed research expands these theoretical assumptions in two ways. First, the uncertainty management model (van den Bos, 2001) will be used to explain the influence of emotional uncertainty on the process of lie detection. While research on the accuracy of deception detection has a long tradition in the field of psychology and law, theories from the field of social psychology or social cognition have been infrequently used to explain the process of lie detection (see Granhag & Strömwall, 2004). Second, the present research project will therefore apply the theoretical findings from research about the process of lie detection of laypersons to the field of psychology and law. In detail, the influence of need for cognition and emotional uncertainty of police officers or judges on the process of lie detection should be tested. Moreover, strategies to improve police officers’ accuracy in detecting deception should be developed.