The Effect of Social Influence on Effort-Cost Decision-Making in Schizophrenia: From Mechanisms to Real-World Associations

社会影响对精神分裂症努力成本决策的影响：从机制到现实世界关联

• 批准号: 10751286
• 负责人: Jaisal Taara Merchant
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-05 至 2025-07-04
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10751286
• 关键词: Agreement; Anhedonia; Anterior; Behavioral; Clinical assessments; Collection; Decision Making; Development; Disease; Ecological momentary assessment; Expenditure; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Influentials; Intervention; Laboratories; Life; Link; Literature; Measures; Methods; Motivation; Nature; Occupational; Participant; Performance; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Principal Investigator; Probability; Reporting; Reproducibility; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Resources; Rewards; Role; Schizophrenia; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Social Processes; Suggestion; Symptoms; System; Techniques; Time; Training; Ventral Striatum; Work; base; cingulate cortex; contextual factors; cost; design; functional disability; functional outcomes; high reward; interest; motivated behavior; motivational processes; multimodality; neural; neural circuit; neural correlate; neuroimaging; peer; peer influence; pleasure; response; social; social factors; social influence; social relationships; tool; training opportunity

PROJECT SUMMARY/ ABSTRACT Deficits in motivated behavior and effort-cost decision-making (ECDM) are core to schizophrenia and related disorders (SZ). ECDM paradigms show that SZ are less likely to use contextual information (e.g., reward magnitude and probability) to drive decisions about whether to exert high effort for rewards. As such, they are less likely to expend effort in situations when it would benefit them the most to do so. These motivational deficits have been closely linked to functional outcomes and their treatment remains ineffective, highlighting the need to examine factors that could enhance ECDM in SZ. Social influence (e.g., the presence of information about peer decisions) has been shown to drive ECDM in healthy individuals (HC), particularly in conditions of low reward or probability (when the other contextual factors may be less likely to independently do so). While there is very little literature examining the role of social influence on effort in SZ, there is some evidence that SZ may increase effort expenditure in response to social encouragement and that (unlike in HC) this may particularly be the case in conditions of high reward magnitude. Thus, social factors could enhance ECDM in SZ by increasing effort in the conditions in which it would be most beneficial to do so-- conditions in which SZ demonstrate the most impairments. Consistent with behavioral findings that SZ are less likely to use reward-related information to inform effortful decisions, they also may show reduced reward-related modulation in neural regions associated with effective ECDM: ventral striatum, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex. Interestingly, these regions overlap with those involved in response to peer information and social reward, raising the possibility that social information may modulate decisions about effort in SZ by activating neural systems that play a role in effective ECDM. Further, to understand whether and for whom these laboratory-based neural and behavioral markers of social influence on ECDM might lead to functional benefit in SZ, it is critical to examine how they relate to individual differences in real-world reports of social motivation. Thus, this proposal seeks to use a multimethod framework (e.g., behavioral task, fMRI, EMA) to examine whether social information modulates decisions about effort expenditure in SZ as it does in HC, the neural bases of these decisions, and real-world individual differences in social motivation that are associated with this relationship. Results from the proposed study could elucidate the nature of social and motivational impairments in SZ and inform intervention efforts to ameliorate these impairing deficits. The realization of this project will allow the applicant to receive training in: 1) neuroimaging techniques and analysis, 2) the link between social processes and motivated behavior in SZ, 3) EMA design, collection and analysis, 4) research rigor and reproducibility, and 5) professional development. This project will help the candidate accomplish her goal of becoming an independent principal investigator that uses multimodal approaches to investigate the mechanisms and real-world correlates of social and motivational impairments in SZ.

项目摘要/摘要 动机行为和努力成本决策缺陷(ECDM)是精神分裂症及其相关疾病的核心 精神障碍(SZ)。ECDM范式表明，SZ不太可能使用上下文信息(例如，奖励 大小和概率)，以推动是否为奖励付出巨大努力的决定。因此，他们是 不太可能在对他们最有利的情况下花费精力。这些动机缺陷 与功能结果密切相关，其治疗仍然无效，突出了需要 考察可能提高深圳ECDM的因素。社会影响(例如，存在关于同龄人的信息 决策)已被证明在健康个体(HC)中推动ECDM，特别是在低奖励或 概率(当其他上下文因素可能不太可能独立地这样做时)。虽然几乎没有 文献考察了社会影响在深圳努力中的作用，有一些证据表明，深圳可能会增加 为回应社会鼓励而进行的努力支出以及(与人力资源委员会不同)情况可能尤其如此 在奖励级别较高的情况下。因此，社会因素可以通过增加努力来促进深圳的ECDM 这样做最有利的条件--SZ表现最好的条件 减损。与行为研究结果一致，即SZ不太可能使用与奖励相关的信息来 对于费力的决定，它们也可能在相关的神经区域显示出与奖励相关的调制减少 有效的ECDM：腹侧纹状体、腹内侧前额叶皮质和前扣带回皮质。有趣的是， 这些区域与响应同伴信息和社会奖励的区域重叠，从而提高了 社交信息可能通过激活神经系统来调节关于SZ努力的决定 在有效的ECDM中发挥作用。此外，为了了解这些以实验室为基础的神经和 社会影响的行为标记物可能会导致深圳的功能效益，检验是至关重要的 它们如何与社会动机的真实世界报告中的个体差异相关联。因此，这项提案旨在 使用多方法框架(例如，行为任务、fMRI、EMA)来检查社交信息 调节SZ中关于努力支出的决策，就像在HC中一样，这些决策的神经基础，以及 与这种关系相关的社会动机的真实世界个体差异。调查结果： 建议的研究可以阐明深圳社交和动机障碍的性质，并为干预提供信息 努力改善这些正在造成损害的赤字。该项目的实现将使申请者能够获得 培训内容：1)神经成像技术和分析；2)社会过程和动机之间的联系 在深圳的行为，3)EMA设计、收集和分析，4)研究的严谨性和重复性，5)专业 发展。这个项目将帮助候选人实现成为独立校长的目标。 调查员，使用多模式方法来调查社会和社会的机制和现实世界的相关性 以及深圳的动机障碍。