The Effect of Social Influence on Effort-Cost Decision-Making in Schizophrenia: From Mechanisms to Real-World Associations

社会影响对精神分裂症努力成本决策的影响：从机制到现实世界关联

• 批准号: 10751286
• 负责人: Jaisal Taara Merchant
• 金额: $ 4.77万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-05 至 2025-07-04
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10751286
• 关键词: Agreement; Anhedonia; Anterior; Behavioral; Clinical assessments; Collection; Decision Making; Development; Disease; Ecological momentary assessment; Expenditure; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Influentials; Intervention; Laboratories; Life; Link; Literature; Measures; Methods; Motivation; Nature; Occupational; Participant; Performance; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Principal Investigator; Probability; Reporting; Reproducibility; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Resources; Rewards; Role; Schizophrenia; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Social Processes; Suggestion; Symptoms; System; Techniques; Time; Training; Ventral Striatum; Work; base; cingulate cortex; contextual factors; cost; design; functional disability; functional outcomes; high reward; interest; motivated behavior; motivational processes; multimodality; neural; neural circuit; neural correlate; neuroimaging; peer; peer influence; pleasure; response; social; social factors; social influence; social relationships; tool; training opportunity

PROJECT SUMMARY/ ABSTRACT Deficits in motivated behavior and effort-cost decision-making (ECDM) are core to schizophrenia and related disorders (SZ). ECDM paradigms show that SZ are less likely to use contextual information (e.g., reward magnitude and probability) to drive decisions about whether to exert high effort for rewards. As such, they are less likely to expend effort in situations when it would benefit them the most to do so. These motivational deficits have been closely linked to functional outcomes and their treatment remains ineffective, highlighting the need to examine factors that could enhance ECDM in SZ. Social influence (e.g., the presence of information about peer decisions) has been shown to drive ECDM in healthy individuals (HC), particularly in conditions of low reward or probability (when the other contextual factors may be less likely to independently do so). While there is very little literature examining the role of social influence on effort in SZ, there is some evidence that SZ may increase effort expenditure in response to social encouragement and that (unlike in HC) this may particularly be the case in conditions of high reward magnitude. Thus, social factors could enhance ECDM in SZ by increasing effort in the conditions in which it would be most beneficial to do so-- conditions in which SZ demonstrate the most impairments. Consistent with behavioral findings that SZ are less likely to use reward-related information to inform effortful decisions, they also may show reduced reward-related modulation in neural regions associated with effective ECDM: ventral striatum, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex. Interestingly, these regions overlap with those involved in response to peer information and social reward, raising the possibility that social information may modulate decisions about effort in SZ by activating neural systems that play a role in effective ECDM. Further, to understand whether and for whom these laboratory-based neural and behavioral markers of social influence on ECDM might lead to functional benefit in SZ, it is critical to examine how they relate to individual differences in real-world reports of social motivation. Thus, this proposal seeks to use a multimethod framework (e.g., behavioral task, fMRI, EMA) to examine whether social information modulates decisions about effort expenditure in SZ as it does in HC, the neural bases of these decisions, and real-world individual differences in social motivation that are associated with this relationship. Results from the proposed study could elucidate the nature of social and motivational impairments in SZ and inform intervention efforts to ameliorate these impairing deficits. The realization of this project will allow the applicant to receive training in: 1) neuroimaging techniques and analysis, 2) the link between social processes and motivated behavior in SZ, 3) EMA design, collection and analysis, 4) research rigor and reproducibility, and 5) professional development. This project will help the candidate accomplish her goal of becoming an independent principal investigator that uses multimodal approaches to investigate the mechanisms and real-world correlates of social and motivational impairments in SZ.

项目概要/摘要 动机行为和努力成本决策（ECDM）的缺陷是精神分裂症和相关疾病的核心 疾病（SZ）。 ECDM 范式表明，SZ 不太可能使用上下文信息（例如奖励 幅度和概率）来推动有关是否付出巨大努力以获得奖励的决策。因此，他们是 在对他们最有利的情况下，他们不太可能付出努力。这些动机缺陷 与功能结果密切相关，但其治疗仍然无效，这凸显了需要 研究可以增强深圳 ECDM 的因素。社会影响力（例如，有关同侪的信息的存在 决策）已被证明可以推动健康个体（HC）的 ECDM，特别是在低奖励或 概率（当其他背景因素不太可能独立这样做时）。虽然数量很少 有文献研究了社会影响力对 SZ 努力的作用，有一些证据表明 SZ 可能会增加 为了回应社会鼓励而付出的努力支出，并且（与 HC 不同）情况可能尤其如此 在高回报的情况下。因此，社会因素可以通过加大努力来增强深圳的 ECDM 这样做最有利的条件——SZ 表现出最有利的条件 损伤。与行为研究结果一致，SZ 不太可能使用与奖励相关的信息来 告知努力的决定，它们还可能显示相关神经区域中与奖励相关的调节减少 有效的 ECDM：腹侧纹状体、腹内侧前额叶皮层和前扣带皮层。有趣的是， 这些区域与参与响应同伴信息和社会奖励的区域重叠，从而提高了 社会信息可能通过激活神经系统来调节有关 SZ 努力的决策 在有效的 ECDM 中发挥作用。此外，要了解这些基于实验室的神经网络是否以及为谁服务 ECDM 社会影响的行为标记可能会导致 SZ 的功能获益，因此检查至关重要 它们如何与现实世界的社会动机报告中的个体差异相关。因此，本提案旨在 使用多方法框架（例如行为任务、功能磁共振成像、EMA）来检查社交信息是否 像在 HC 中一样调节 SZ 中有关努力支出的决策、这些决策的神经基础，以及 现实世界中与这种关系相关的社会动机的个体差异。结果来自 拟议的研究可以阐明深圳社会和动机障碍的本质并为干预提供信息 努力改善这些损害性的赤字。该项目的实现将使申请人获得 培训内容：1) 神经影像技术和分析，2) 社会过程和动机之间的联系 SZ 的行为，3) EMA 设计、收集和分析，4) 研究的严谨性和可重复性，以及 5) 专业 发展。该项目将帮助候选人实现成为独立校长的目标 研究者使用多模式方法来研究社会的机制和现实世界的相关性 以及深圳的动机障碍。