An ultra-cold target for precision studies of heavy-ion atom collisions

高电荷离子（HCI）是宇宙中最丰富的可见物质形式，其物理学在天体物理和地球等离子体中具有特殊的基础和实际意义。近年来，由于新技术的发展，储存环和陷阱的出现，在研究它们的静态电子结构以及它们与物质相互作用时的动力学方面取得了相当大的进展，使它们能够经常用于实验。在这项资助申请中，我们首次提出将三项创新技术联合收割机结合起来，以将我们对重离子原子碰撞中的基本动力学过程及其电子结构的了解推进到前所未有的细节：（i）磁光阱将在（ii）“反应显微镜”中提供超冷和良好限制的目标允许确定在（iii）当前和下一代较冷离子存储环（如当前GSI的ESR、即将到来的FAIR设施的计划NESR或提供最大强度和质量的束的TSR）中实现的所有靶碎片的动量。

The physics of highly-charged ions (HCI), the most abundant form of visible matter in the Universe, is of particular interest for fundamental as well as practical reasons in astrophysical and earth-bound plasmas. Recently, considerable progress has been made in the investigation of their static electronic structure as well as of the dynamics when they interact with matter due to newly-developed technologies, storage-rings and traps, making them routinely avail-able for experiments. Within this grant application it is proposed to combine, for the first time, three innovative technologies to advance our knowledge of basic dynamic processes in heavy-ion atom collisions as well as of their electronic structure to unprecedented detail: (i) a magneto-optical trap will provide an ultra-cold and well confined target in a (ii) “Reaction Microscope” allowing to determine the momenta of all target fragments both implemented in (iii) present and next-generation cooler ion storage rings like the ESR at the present GSI, the planned NESR at the upcoming FAIR facility or the TSR delivering beams of utmost intensity and quality.