Ausbau und Optimierung des MLLTRAP-Penningfallensystems: Komplettierung des Multi-Passage-Spektrometers als Abschluss der Inbetriebnahme und Charakterisierung sowie Aufbau einer Kohlenstoff-Clusterionenquelle

目前，加尔兴的迈尔-莱布尼茨实验室（MLLTRAP）正在建立一个放射性核素的高精度潘宁阱质谱仪，最终目标是相对质量不确定度为（10-9）。这种极高的精确度对计量学、QED和CPT基本原理的测试都有贡献。通过结合MLL Penning阱中相差一个中子的高电荷核素之间的质量差测量和相应俘获的波长测量，给出了提高精细结构常数α的精确度的可能性这将与ILL反应堆（格勒诺布尔）GAMS设施的操作小组密切合作进行。在那里，中子俘获后的射线波长被测量到极高的精度。关于超允许β衰变的高精度核质量数据允许精确确定CKM夸克混合矩阵的Vud矩阵元素，从而允许严格测试CKM矩阵的么正性。在这里，MLLTRAP设备可以通过将慕尼黑Q3 D磁谱仪（~ 2（10-4））的卓越固有能量分辨率与MLLTRAP可达到的高质量精度相结合，以独特的方式做出贡献。这将允许改进的反应Q值测量，特别是对于超允许的衰变到超过A=54（Co）的更重的核的研究的预期扩展，其中（然后更大的）计算的库仑校正（C）可以仅以相应核的较短寿命为代价来测试（从而防止陷阱测量）。利用Penning阱结合磁谱仪精确的反应Q值来确定基态参考质量，将有助于探索CVC假说。将开发一种用于高电荷、短寿命核素的双Penning阱质谱仪，结合多种新技术，以最终实现最终的质量精度。离子将被激光冷却的Mg+等离子体同情地冷却到mK温度，从而提高测量精度。因此，而不是通常的制备等压纯化的感兴趣的离子的缓冲气体冷却内的准备潘宁阱，它计划实现的选择，使用RF质量过滤器和（多反射）飞行时间质谱仪后，有效的气体停止单元。在EBIS内的电荷增殖之后，高电荷离子将与激光冷却的Mg+离子一起被同情地冷却到mK温度。感应冷却可以在精密阱内实现精确定心，并显著提高效率。Penningtrap系统的安装已经完成，目前正在进行调试，缓冲气体停止单元可以成功高效运行。因此，本申请的范围是完成MLLTRAP设施，以便进行高精度的质量测量。这需要设置用于等压纯化的多反射飞行时间光谱仪，多通道光谱仪允许引入EBIS电荷增殖器（随后进行q/A选择）以及设置线性Paul阱用于高电荷离子的共振激光冷却。虽然飞行时间光谱仪和Paul阱的设置将由当地资金实现，在本申请中，电荷增殖器和相应的Q/A分离器的必要投资资金将分别与潘宁阱和电荷增殖器系统的博士后职位一起被要求。

A high-accuracy Penning trap mass spectrometer for radioactive nuclides ultimately aiming at a relative mass uncertainty of ( 10-9 is presently being set up at the Maier-Leibnitz-Laboratory in Garching ( MLLTRAP ). This extreme accuracy contributes, among other things, to metrology, and to tests of QED and fundamental CPT symmetry.A possibility for improving the accuracy of the fine structure constant α is given by determining the molar Planck constant NA•һ, combining a mass difference measurement between highly-charged nuclides differing by one neutron in the MLL Penning trap with wavelength measurements of corresponding capture (-rays, which will be performed in close collaboration with the group operating the GAMS facility at the ILL reactor (Grenoble). There the wavelengths of ( rays after neutron capture are measured to extreme accuracy.Highly accurate nuclear mass data on superallowed beta decays grant access to a precise determination of the Vud matrix element of the CKM quark mixing matrix, thus allowing for a stringent test of the unitarity of the CKM matrix. Here the MLLTRAP facility can contribute in a unique way by combining the superb intrinsic energy resolution of the Munich Q3D magnetic spectrograph (~ 2( 10-4) with the high mass accuracies reachable with MLLTRAP. This will allow for improved reaction Q-value measurements especially for the intended extension of the study of superallowed ß decays to heavier nuclei beyond A=54 (Co), where the (then larger) calculated Coulomb correction (C can be tested only at the expense of shorter lifetimes for the corresponding nuclei (thus preventing trap measurements). The determination of the ground state reference masses using the Penning trap combined with precise reaction Q-values from the magnetic spectrograph will allow for progress on probing the CVC hypothesis.A double-Penning-trap mass spectrometer for highly-charged, short-lived nuclides will be developed, combining several novel technologies in order to finally achieve ultimate mass accuracy. The ions will be sympathetically cooled to mK temperatures with a laser-cooled Mg+ plasma, allowing for an improved measurement precision. Consequently, instead of the usual preparation of isobarically purified ions of interest by buffer gas cooling inside a preparation Penning trap, it is planned to achieve the selection using an RF mass filter and a (multi-reflection) Time-of-Flight mass spectrometer after the efficient gas-stopping cell. After charge breeding inside an EBIS, the highly charged ions will be sympathetically cooled down to mK temperatures with laser-cooled Mg+ ions. The sympathetic cooling allows for an exact centering inside the precision traps as well as a considerable efficiency improvement.The setup of the Penningtrap system has already been completed and commissioning of the system is presently in progress and the buffergas stopping cell can be operated successfully with high efficiency. Consequently the scope of this application is the completion of the MLLTRAP facility in order to allow for highly-accurate mass measurements. This requires the setup of a multi-reflection time-of-flight spectrometer for isobaric purification, a multi-passage spectrometer allowing to introduce an EBIS charge breeder (with subsequent q/A selection) as well as the setup of a linear Paul trap for sympathetic laser cooling of the highly-charged ions.While the setup of the time-of-flight spectrometer and the Paul trap will be realized from local funds, within the present application the necessary investment funds for the charge breeder and the corresponding q/A-separator will be requested together with post doctoral positions for the Penning trap and charge breeder systems, respectively.