Psychological and Sociological Study on Athletic Retirement

本研究从运动心理学和运动社会学的角度考察运动员退役后的适应过程。主要结果如下：1)首先，对运动员退役后适应的相关文献进行了综述，并对未来的研究提出了一些有益的建议。我们认为，自我同一性的再确认是运动心理学领域理解、理解和解释运动员退役的有用框架，而对受到社会结构支持和压抑的退役运动员的生活史研究有助于体育社会学领域理解他们对新生活阶段的重新适应。2)分析了日本职业足球运动员职业转型的实际情况。3)通过对两名经历过中年危机的前奥运选手的调整过程的考察，“预期社会化”和“时间视角”是影响其职业转型过程的重要因素。4)从对5名前顶尖运动员的采访中，他们认识到，随着时间的推移，公众名人的运动员身份逐渐消失。5)某退役运动员的心理治疗案例建议，鼓励退役后的内心工作（哀悼工作、个体化）转入下一阶段的生活。

This research project examined the adjustment process after athletic retirement from the field of sport psychology and sport sociology. Main results are as follows.1) First step was a review of the literatuture on adjustment after athletic retirement, and presented several beneficial suggestions for future research. We suggested that the reconfirmation of ego identity is useful framework to understand and to understand and to explain the athletic retirement in the field of sport psychology, and life history approach to retiring athletes who has been supported and depressed by social structure is beneficial for understanding of their readjustment to new stage of life in sport sociology field. 2) The actual condition of career transition was analyzed among professional soccer players in Japan. 3) Through the examining in adjustment process of two former Olympians who had experienced the middle-age crisis, 'anticipatory socialization' and 'time perspective' were important factors in the process. 4) From the interview of 5 former top athletes in Korea, they recognized that public celebrities as athletes shaded off as years go by. 5) Psychotherapeutic case of a former athlete suggested that inner work accompaning the retirement (mourning work, individuation) encouraged to transfer to the next stage of life.