Multi-Basic Study of National Standard Movement at School Education in U.S.A.

第一部分：从国家标准的内容范围和观点两个方面，阐述了20世纪90年代以来与教育创新运动趋势密切相关的国家标准的特点。第二部分：1。关于《数学教育》，首先，通过对第一版（1989年）和修订版（1999年）草案的比较，可以看出修订版比第一版更强调技术方面。第二，作为加州学术标准委员会和州教育委员会比较的结果，前者比后者更强调回归基本。2. 在科学教育方面，首先，作为1996年以来对国家科学教育标准的批评的结果，这些不是消极的，而是积极的，就未来的方向而言。其次，根据36个州科学标准的目标、内容和组成等7个评价点，这些评价点具有多样性。在OCE制定的社会研究，特别是公民教育标准方面，从内容与绩效标准的比较和教学大纲的内容等方面阐明了内容结构的相互关系。本文介绍了三个使用互联网的案例研究，重点关注国家语言艺术标准中的读写和交流。5. 在学校心理咨询方面，阐述了美国心理咨询协会（ASCA, 1997）制定的《学校心理咨询项目标准》的历史和发展过程。因此，明确了国家学校标准运动的多个方面，但未来的问题是该标准与各个国家标准在学校科目和辅导等方面的相互关系。

PART 1 : The feature of National Standards which had closely relationships with trends of educational innovation movement since 1990's was clarified in terms of the scope of content and point of views.PART 2 : 1. On Mathematics Education, firstly, based on the comparison of the first edition(1989) and draft of revised edition(19999), it was clarified that the later emphasized technological aspect more than the former. The secondly, as the result of the comparison of Academic Standards Commission and State Board of Education both in California the former was emphasized more back-to-basics than the later. 2. On Science Education, the firstly, as the result of examination on criticism for National Science Education Standards since 1996, these were not the negative but the positive in terms of future direction. The secondly, based on the seven point assessment such as objectives, content and composition of Science Standards of thirty-six states, these assessment point had the varieties.3. On Social Study, especially Civic Education Standards produced by OCE, content structure was clarified interrelationships in terms of comparison of Content and Performance Standards, and Content of Syllabus. 4. The three case study using the internet focused on literacy and communication in National Language Arts Standards were introduced. 5. On School Counseling, the history and process of development of School Counseling Program Standards produced by ASCA(1997) were clarified. Therefore, it were clarified the multiple aspects of National School Standards Movement, but the future problems were interrelation of this Standards and each State Standards in terms of school subjects and Counseling etc..