Chemotaxonomy and Identification of Astigmatid mites by GC profiles

无毛螨是蜱螨的一个亚目，由一群形态特征较差的螨类组成。大多数物种为白色，椭圆形，体长小于1毫米，因此，物种鉴定需要熟练的技术，将每个标本安装在载玻片上进行显微镜观察。另一方面，这些散条螨和部分甲螨具有一对发育良好的排泄腺（即所谓的opisthontal gland或oil gland），从中鉴定出50多种具有报警、聚集和性信息素功能的挥发性化合物和功能未知的化合物。在对螨虫分泌物的研究中，发现这些化合物的分布具有不同种类的特征，甚至形态指标也很相似。为此，我们收集了101种（含菌株）柱头虫和23种（含菌株）鳞螨的GC谱，并对其进行了比较，同时对染色体ITS-II区进行了PCR、大肠杆菌克隆和DNA分析。无毛目和甲螨的ITS-II区由300-600个核苷酸组成。结果表明，物种差异与GC剖面的差异直接相关，但有少量例外有待进一步研究。根据其ITS-II碱基序列，确定了由于组分数量变化导致GC谱差异较小的菌株为同一种。虽然有一些特殊情况有待进一步研究，但证明了基于GC剖面的螨鉴定方法是一种简便、通用的方法，完成了本项目的反对。在本研究中，我成功地开发了一种易于无菌培养螨虫的琼脂培养基。用琼脂培养基连续维持了螨存量培养的2 / 3左右。此外，还发表了鉴定螨类信息素（报警信息素和性信息素）及其天然产物化学新化合物的论文11篇。少

Astigmata is a suborder of acari and consists of a group of mites with poor morphological characteristics. Most species are white in color and oval with less than 1 mm in body length, and therefore, skilled technique are required for species identification, after mounting each specimen on a slide glass for microscopic observation. On the other hand those astigmatid mites and also a parts of Oribatida possess a pair of well developed excretory glands (so-called opisthonotal gland or oil gland), from which total 50 volatile compounds functioning as the alarm, aggregation and sex pheromones and compounds with unknown functions are identified from more than 50 species. During studies of mite's exudates, these profiles of compounds were noticed to be characteristic to each species, even morphological indexes are similar. Therefore, GC profiles from 101 species (including strains) of astigmata and 23 species (including strains) of Oribatida were collected and compared each other, along with … More nucleotide sequence analyses of chromosomal ITS-II region by PCR, subsequent cloning to E. coli and DNA analyses. ITS-II regions of Astigmata and Oribatida consisted of 300-600 nucleotide. As a result, species differences were directly correlated to those differences of GC profiles with minor exceptions to be further examined. Several strains with minor differences of GC profiles due to quantitative variations of components were confirmed as the same species, based on their ITS-II base sequences. Although there was a few exceptional cases to be further examined, mite's identification based on GC profiles were demonstrated to be an easy and versatile method, and objection of the present project has been accomplished.During the present study I have succeeded to develop an agar medium to raise mites easily and aseptically. About two third of mite's stock culture were successively maintained by the agar medium. Total 11 papers dealing with identifications of mites pheromones (alarm and sex pheromones) and new compounds as the natural product chemistry were also published. Less