Comparative Studies on Economic Structure and Policies of Transitional Ecomonies in Asia

我们总结了1997年金融和经济危机对亚洲转型经济体、新兴经济体和东盟国家的影响，并指出日本在恢复东亚国家经济稳定增长过程中的重要作用如下：1)经济学家指出东亚国家经济结构存在的问题是造成危机的主要原因。然而，短期资本的国际流动对东亚经济体的打击与其经济内部的问题一样强大。它在某些情况下效果更好。2)我们对各国的经济政策和经济表现进行了比较研究。我们将接受国际货币基金组织描述的泰国与引入国际资本流动新规定的马来西亚进行了比较。我们还比较了受经济危机影响严重的韩国和台湾，台湾能够找到早日复苏的途径。3)亚洲经济危机给亚洲转型经济体增加了困难。然而，各国之间存在着很大的差异。越南继续遵循Doi-Moi政策加强市场经济，而朝鲜则在遭遇亚洲经济危机的情况下努力寻找经济改革和开放的道路。在军事力量的统治下，缅甸通过接纳来自东盟国家的外国资本，向市场经济又迈进了一步。4)日本在亚洲经济危机中的作用日益明显。日本私人资本在亚洲的投资减少了，而日本政府的作用变得比以前更重要，比如新宫泽基金的想法。

We have summarized the impacts of the financial and economic crisis of 1997 to transitional economies, NIES, and ASEAN countries in Asia as following, and we have pointed out the important role of Japan in the process to return to the stable economic growth of East Asian countries as following.1) Economists have pointed as main causes of crisis the problems in the economic structure of East Asian countries. However the international flow of short-term capital attacked the East Asian economies as strong as the problems within their economies. It worked stronger in some cases.2) We have made comparative studies of economic policies and economic performances among countries. We compared Thailand that accepted IMF descriptions with Malaysia, which introduced new regulations on international capital flow. We also compared Korea that was affected seriously by economic crisis with Taiwan, which was able to find the way to early recovery.3) Asian economic crisis has added difficulties in the transitional economies in Asia. However, there are big differences among countries. Vietnam has continued to follow Doi-Moi policy to enhance market economy, while North Korea encountered Asian economic crisis in the effort to find the way of economic reform and openness. Under the rule of military power Myanmar added one step to market economy by hosting of foreign capital from ASEAN countries.4) Japanese role has been making clearer through the Asian economic crisis. Japanese private capital investment in Asia has decreased, while the role of Japanese government becomes more important than before, for example, as the idea of New Miyazawa Fund.