Field Research of Tanya System in Hungary

该项目旨在调查匈牙利大平原上的Tanyas(与世隔绝的村庄)的历史和现状。Tanyas的世界分为三个区域：1)Kecskemet附近的Tanyas，2)Bekes县的Tanyas，3)Szeged附近的Tanyas。作为个案研究，分别调查了Szentkiraly村周围、Kondros镇周围和Bornany村周围的Tanya人。不仅研究了每一个谭雅世界的历史，而且通过对三个地区的20个谭雅人的访谈，调查了谭雅人的现状。总体来说，20个谭雅人中有4到5个谭雅人正在慢慢地走上“农民”的道路，约有10个谭雅人只是保持着简单的繁殖，其余的都在衰落。繁荣的坦亚人热衷于市场需求，积极探索新的产品和耕作方式。但与社会主义政权下的Tanya人相比，现在的Tanya人大多缺乏营销网络和财政支持，本项目还试图将Tanya人与日本富山县Tonami镇与世隔绝的村庄进行比较。

This project is to investigate the history and the present situation of the tanyas (isolated villages) which are seen in the Great Plain in Hungary. The world of tanyas were divided into three areas ; 1) tanyas near Kecskemet, 2) in Bekes county, and 3) near Szeged. As the case studies, tanyas around village Szentkiraly, around town Kondros, and around village Bornany were respectively investigated. Not only the histories of each tanya world were studied, the present situations of the tanyas were investigated by way of interviews of 20 tanyas from the three areas.In general, 4 or 5 tanyas among 20 tanyas were slowly proceeding the way for the "farmers", while about 10 were just keeping simple reproduction and the rest were declining. The prosperous tanyas were keen to the needs of the market and active in exploring new products and ways of farming. But compared to the situation of the tanyas in the socialist regime, most of the present tanyas were suffering from the lack of the network of marketing and the financial support.This project also tried to compare the tanyas with the isolated villages in Tonami town in Toyama prefecture in Japan.