Studies on species diversity of microfungiin Chinese soil

对采自新疆7个地区、72个地方的1869份土壤样品进行了孢子孔致病真菌和真菌毒素产生菌的分离鉴定。在查氏琼脂上用土板法分离土壤真菌，在37℃下培养10天。最常见的致病曲霉是黄曲霉(5.1%)、烟曲霉菌(46.3%)、新椭圆曲霉(5.1%)、黑曲霉。(19.4%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(28.8%)、埃默氏菌(Emericella spp.)(25.3%)，Neosartorya spp.(0.6%)和蒜头霉(3.4%)。烟曲霉菌在荒地、草原、田间和稻田的发生频率较高。A、尼日尔、土曲霉和埃默氏菌。对田野和稻田都很在行。也就是说，这些曲霉广泛分布于新疆干旱地区的土壤中。埃默氏菌属检测土壤样本473个，占总样本的25.3%。Acristata、附生棘藻、Miyajii、E.nidulans、E.nidulans var.从土壤中分离到Lata、E.qinqqixanii和E.quilineata。为新分类群，新分类群为附属型和秦启县型。从帕米尔高原湿润的草原土壤中分离到一株附属藻。附子孢子的特征是具有凸面纹饰，凸面由头状膨大和透明的丝状附属物组成。秦始贤是从塔克拉玛干沙漠土壤中分离到的。秦始仙的子囊孢子具有光滑的凸面纹饰和透明的丝状附属物。

A total of 1869 soil samples collected from 7 areas, 72 places in Xinjiang, China were used for isolation of oportunistic pathogenic fungi and mycotoxin producing fungi. The soil fungi were isolated by using the soil plate method on Czapeks agar, incubating the plates at 37 C for 10 days. The most common oportunitic pathogenic Aspergilli were Aspergillus flavus (5.1%), A. fumigatus (46.3%), A. neoellipticus (5.1%), A. niger. (19.4%), A. terreus (28.8%), Emericella spp. (25.3%), Neosartorya spp. (0.6%) and Petromyces alliaceus (3.4%). The frequencies of A. fumigatus are bight at the wasteland, steppe, field and paddy. A, niger, A. terreus and Emericella spp. Are bight at the field and paddy. Namely these Aspergilli are widely distributed in soil at dry area in Xinjiang Province. Emericella spp. Detected on 473 soil samples, 25.3% of the total samples. E. acristata, E. appenduculata, E. miyajii, E. nidulans, E. nidulans var. lata, E. qinqixianii and E. quadrilineata have been isolated from soil. E. appenduculata and E. qinqixianii have been reported as new taxon. E. appenduculata was isolated from damp grassland soil, Pamire plateau. The ascospores of E. appenduculata are characterized by ornamentation of convex surfaces which is composed of capitate swellings, and hyaline, filiform appendages. E. qinqixianii was isolated from desert soil at Taklimakan desert. The ascospores of E. qinqixianii are charactered by ornamentation of convex surfaces which is smooth, and hyaline, filiform appendages.