Atmospheric processes over the Tibetan plateau : atmospheric particle surface reaction destroying ozone

青藏高原夏季频繁发生较大的强上升流运动，影响着亚太地区的气候和大气环境，从大气化学和气溶胶科学的角度来看，青藏高原是一个非常有趣的地区。在观测活动期间，我们在西藏气象局校园和其他观测点进行了以下观测：用臭氧探空仪测量对流层平流层臭氧浓度。用激光雷达测量对流层和平流层气溶胶浓度和形状。用气溶胶探空仪测量对流层和平流层气溶胶浓度和大小。对流层气溶胶形态、对流层气溶胶表面结构、对流层气溶胶化学元素、颗粒物质化学组成的电镜和微观ftir观测首次揭示了西藏地区对流层和平流层臭氧和气溶胶分布的时空变化。值得注意的是，在这些观测的基础上，增强型气雾层出现在局地对流层顶附近，而其他观测点的气雾层浓度较低。一种可能的解释是，气溶胶层是由于含有大量水蒸气的空气的活跃上升流运动造成的，因为在亚洲季风期间，水汽浓度高的空气经常从印度洋输送到南亚大陆。测量的初步报告于1999年7月在日本名古屋举行的第一届亚洲气溶胶会议上发表。结合气象资料、卫星资料等，对观测结果进行了详细分析。目前对流层顶气溶胶的研究结果对研究大气中颗粒物的化学效应具有重要的价值。

The Tibetan Plateau is very interesting area from the standing view of atmospheric chemistry and aerosol science since this area frequently produces large strong upwelling motion in summer season and affect climate and atmospheric environment in asia-pacific region. We conduct following observations at the campus of Tibet Meteorological Bureau and other observational sites during the period of observational campaign :1. Tropospheric stratospheric ozone concentration with an ozone sonde2. Tropospheric and stratospheric aerosol concentration and shapes with a lidar3. Tropospheric and stratospheric aerosol concentration and size with an aerosol sonde4. Observation of shape of tropospheric aerosol, surface structure of tropospheric aerosols, chemical element of tropospheric aerosols, chemical composition of materials on the particles with an electron microscope and a microscopic FTIRThose observations firstly revealed temporal spatial changes in tropospheric and stratospheric ozone and aerosol distribution over the Tibetan area. It is worth to note on the basis of those observations that enhanced aerosol layer appeared near the local tropopause where aerosol concentration was low at other observational sites. One possible explanation is that the aerosol layer is due to active upwelling motion of the air containing lots of water vapor since air with high water vapor concentration is frequently transported from the Indian ocean to the southern asian continent during asian monsoon periods.The preliminary report of the measurements was presented in First Asian Aerosol Conference, July 1999, Nagoya, Japan.Detailed analysis of the observational results has been made combining meteorological data, satellite data, and so on. The present results showing the tropopause aerosols are to be very valuable for studies of atmospheric chemical effects of the particulate matter.