Longitudinal Effects of Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Racial Discrimination on Health Among African Americans and Puerto Ricans

项目摘要/摘要 拟议的研究将利用之前在KEY收集的大量纵向数据 作为哈莱姆纵向发展研究的一部分，在27年期间的发展阶段。它有 两个主要目标：第一是确定健康的社会决定因素之间关系的调解人 (即社会经济劣势和基于种族/种族歧视)和不平衡负荷 非洲裔美国人和波多黎各人步入中年。这项研究提案是由一个背景- 基于生态系统理论现象学变体的发展模式，以及 应激的病理生理学理论(恒定负荷)。其次，这项研究将确定差异 从青春期晚期到青春期早期基于种族/种族歧视感知的发展轨迹 40岁，研究他们与40岁初期的平衡负荷和心理健康的关系，并测试他们的能力 利用复原力资源缓解这些关联。这项研究的样本将包括400名男性和 以前在青春期(T1、T2)出现的非裔美国女性和波多黎各人 成年期(T3)、青年(T4)和成年期(T5、T6)。确定风险和风险的途径 非稳态负荷运行的保护因素将对公众健康产生重要影响 干预和告知政策的目标。找到可以减轻有害因素的适度构造 长期基于族裔/种族歧视的后遗症将突出重要的复原力领域。这样的一个 关注韧性不仅摆脱了有色人种的赤字视角，而且还具有潜力 通过增强实力而不是处理赤字来改变政策和干预措施。在这方面的一个举动 方向是朝着实现消除重大社会和族裔/种族的目标迈出的重要一步 困扰美国的健康差距，实现所有人的健康公平。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The proposed research would capitalize on a wealth of longitudinal data previously collected at key developmental stages over a period of 27 years as part of the Harlem Longitudinal Development Study. It has two major aims: The first is to identify the mediators of the relationships between social determinants of health (i.e., socioeconomic disadvantage and ethnicity-based/racial discrimination) and allostatic load in a sample of African Americans and Puerto Ricans entering midlife. The research proposal is guided by a contextual- developmental model based in Phenomenological Variant of Ecological Systems Theory, as well as a pathophysiological theory of stress (allostatic load). Second, the research will identify the differential developmental trajectories of perceived ethnicity-based/racial discrimination from late adolescence to the early forties, examine their associations with allostatic load and mental health in the early forties, and test the ability of resilience resources to mitigate these associations. The sample for this study will consist of 400 male and female African Americans and Puerto Ricans who were previously seen in adolescence (T1, T2), emerging adulthood (T3), young adulthood (T4), and adulthood (T5, T6). Identifying the pathways through which risk and protective factors for allostatic load operate will have important implications for public health by providing targets for intervention and informing policy. Finding moderating constructs that can mitigate the deleterious sequelae of chronic ethnicity-based/racial discrimination will highlight significant areas of resilience. Such a focus on resilience not only moves away from a deficit perspective of people of color, but also has the potential to transform policy and interventions by building on strengths, rather than treating deficits. A move in this direction is an important step towards reaching the goal of eliminating the significant social and ethnic/racial health disparities that plague the U.S. and realizing health equity for all.