Early-Life Health Consequences of Unequal Kinship Networks

项目摘要 我毕业于宾夕法尼亚大学，拥有人口学和社会学的联合博士学位和#年的工程硕士学位 康奈尔大学运筹学和工业工程专业。我的论文考察了 医疗保险政策对性别、种族/族裔和获得保健的不平等的影响。 在加州大学洛杉矶分校卫生政策和管理部(HPM)做博士后期间，我 扩大了我在安全网中的工作，将非正式的亲属来源包括在内。到目前为止，我的工作重点是 二元关系和健康的直接决定因素。K99将使我能够拓宽这一关注点，并(1) 发展网络分析的方法专长；和(2)获得生物学研究方面的专长 健康的标志来解决这个问题：“亲属关系支持网络的差异能解释健康差距吗？ 在社会经济群体之间？“R00阶段将允许进行试点研究，其结果将激励 未来的R01将收集直接回答这个问题所需的数据。当前的卫生政策加强了 通过配偶和子女受抚养人的保险，亲属的重要性。不断变化的家庭关系格局 在政策辩论中常常被遗漏。在死亡率、家庭组成和生育方面的不同趋势 拥有更多和更少社会经济资源的人可能会加强或加剧健康不平等。 与配偶和父母有支持性关系的成年人可能会受益于更强大的安全网。孩子们 在这些强大的亲缘关系网络中出生和长大的人可能比孩子们获得更多的资源 他们的父母、祖父母和祖父母较少，而且他们的家庭关系因继亲而变得复杂。这 提案将(1)量化因死亡率、生育率和性别差异趋势而产生的不平等亲属关系网络 战争史及其造成的支持差距；(2)建立亲属安全之间的联系 具有健康的宫内和早期生命的网络；以及(3)模拟亲属关系对人口水平的潜在健康影响 网络源于多代人不平等的人口历史。拟议中的培训 计划和研究项目将为一个独立的研究计划奠定基础，其目标是 确定不同的家庭进程对人口健康不平等的贡献。这些发现将有助于 制定健康政策，考虑受益人所在的多样化和不断发展的亲属关系网络 并找出有效的干预机会。在K99阶段，我将开发方法来 使用具有人口代表性的数据创建亲属关系网络的模拟。我还将与 研究实验室收集重复的生物标记物数据以及来自家庭的社会支持信息 经历怀孕、分娩和婴儿出生的第一年。在R00阶段，我将分析数据 并将其发现纳入K99阶段开发的亲属网络模型。加州大学洛杉矶分校是 是我培训和研究的理想场所，因为它拥有对 完成这一项目。

Project Summary I graduated with a joint Ph.D. in Demography and Sociology from University of Pennsylvania and an M.Eng in Operations Research and Industrial Engineering from Cornell University. My dissertation examined the consequences of health insurance policies on inequalities between gender, race/ethnicity, and access to care. During my postdoctoral fellowship at UCLA’s Department of Health Policy and Management (HPM), I expanded my work in safety nets to include informal kin-based sources. My work thus far has focused on dyadic relationships and proximate determinants of health. The K99 will allow me to broaden this focus and (1) develop of methodological expertise in network analyses; and (2) gain expertise in the study of biological markers of health to address the question: “Do differences in kinship support networks explain the health gap between socioeconomic groups?” The R00 phase will allow for a pilot study whose findings will motivate a future R01 that will collect data needed to answer this question directly. Current health policy strengthens the importance of kin through dependent coverage of spouses and children. The changing landscape of family ties is often missing from policy debates. Diverging trends in mortality, family formation, and childbearing between people who have more, and less socioeconomic resources may reinforce or exacerbate health inequalities. Adults with supportive ties to their spouses and parents may benefit from stronger safety nets. Children who are born and grow up in these strong kinship networks may have access to greater resources than children who have fewer parents, grandparents, and whose family relationships are made complex by step-kin. This proposal will (1) quantify the unequal kinship networks stemming from diverging trends in mortality, fertility and martial histories and its resulting disparities in support; (2) establish an association between kin-based safety nets with health in-utero and early life; and (3) simulate the potential population-level health impact of kinship networks stemming from unequal demographic histories of multiple generations. The proposed training program and research project will set the foundations for an independent research program whose goal is to ascertain the contribution of disparate family processes in population health inequality. The findings will help to create health policies that consider the diverse and evolving kinship networks that beneficiaries are embedded in and to identify effective opportunities for intervention. During the K99 phase, I will develop methodologies to create simulations of kinship networks using population-representative data. I will also collaborate with a research lab to collect repeated biomarker data along with information on social support from families as they go through pregnancy, birth, and the first year of the infant’s life. During the R00 phase, I will analyze the data and incorporate its findings into the kinship network models developed during the K99 phase. UCLA is the ideal place for my training and research as it has faculty and institutional resources that are critical for the completion of this project.