Reclaiming Liberal Democracy in Europe

近年来，人们清楚地看到，经常被描述为后真相政治的政治，将是自由民主在21世纪面临的核心挑战之一。这个项目解决了这一挑战的影响。利用多学科方法，该项目将为分析真相后政治制定一个概念定义以及操作性和经验性指标；阐明真相后政治对自由民主的生存构成威胁的方式；分析欧洲真相后政治各个层面的情况；并利用其自身关于情况的经验研究结果，就如何最好地应对这一现象的各种表现，制定政策建议、方法和工具包。该项目沿着时间轴和主题轴进行组织。在时间轴上，该项目将分三个连续阶段进行，即方法论-概念阶段、经验-分析阶段和关键咨询阶段。在主题轴上，该项目分为九个学术工作包，从前提条件(这种现象是如何产生的)、表达(这些现象如何在政治进程中表现出来)和潜在的反应(如何能够和应该减轻其影响)的角度来处理后真相政治的核心组成部分。该项目的学术工作包从民粹主义、公共领域的动态和对政治文化的影响等角度讨论真相后政治；技术方面在促进真相后政治崛起中的作用；缺乏信任的双重作用，但同时也增加了对高质量新闻的需求；战略性造谣是对自由民主的外部挑战；对造假的监管回应的影响；以及重要的是公民教育和媒体素养在减轻事后政治挑战方面可以发挥的作用。

In recent years, it has become clear that what is frequently described as post-truth politics will be one of the central challenges facing liberal democracy in the 21st century. This project addressesthe implications of this challenge. Drawing on a multi-disciplinary approach, the project will generate a conceptual definition as well as an operationalization and empirical indicators for the analysis of post-truth politics; spell out the ways in which post-truth politics constitutes an existential threat to liberal democracy; analyze the state of play as regards various dimensions of post-truth politics in Europe; and use its own empirical findings regarding the state of play to develop policy recommendations, methods and toolkits as to how best to respond to various expressions of the phenomenon. The project is structured along a temporal and a thematic axis. On the temporal axis, the project will proceed in three consecutive phases, i.e. a methodologicalconceptual, an empirical-analytical and a critical-advisory phase. On the thematic axis, the project is divided into nine academic work packages that address central components of post-truth politics from the perspective of preconditions (how such phenomena have come about), expressions (how they manifest themselves in political processes), and potential responses (how their effects can and ought to be mitigated). The project’s academic work packages address post-truth politics from the vantage points of populism, public sphere dynamics and impacts on political culture; the role of technological aspects in fostering the rise of post-truth politics; the twin roles of lack of trust, but at the same time also increased demands for quality journalism; strategic disinformation as an external challenge to liberal democracy; the impacts of regulatory responses to disinformation; and importantly also the role that citizenship education and media literacy can play in mitigating the challenge of post-truth politics.