Family dynamics, maternal stress, and the biomarkers of healthy pregnancy

项目总结 全球经济和人类发展的不平等发展模式在健康方面造成了差距 出生。在发展中世界，伴随着城市化、移民和核化的这些变化 许多家庭也在改变着孩子出生的家庭环境。出生时的健康差距是 不仅仅是因为经济不平等：母亲在家庭环境中的社会支持和社会地位 都体现在怀孕的健康上，并对终身健康产生影响。然而--尽管 这些不平等对公共健康的重要性-因为以前的人口科学缺乏 需要种群水平的生物标记物来理解这些过程-全面了解 在发展中国家，家庭结构、孕期压力和出生时健康差距没有 以前是有可能的。在这个有指导的项目中，Pi Diane Coffey将继续进行生物标记物和 发展中国家孕期应激的生物学过程。关于人口水平生物标志物的培训 数据和压力生物学将使她成为一名独立的人口科学家，研究健康 怀孕是终身健康的开始。该项目有三个具体目标。在目标1下，科菲将获得 在孕妇(血液)人群调查数据中使用生物标记物的辅导培训 压力、肥胖、葡萄糖和血红蛋白)，在生物标记物(皮质醇、C反应蛋白)和应激生物学中 怀孕，以及在生物统计学上。她将完成一项广泛的课程作业和指导阅读， 并参加关于生物标记物的研讨会和会议，以分析怀孕人口的数据。目标2是为了 在人口内进行家庭结构对压力生物标志物的影响的研究 怀孕和分娩结果。目标2的一部分将研究三代家庭的重要性； 另一部分将调查合伙人缺席的后果。目标3是建设国际化 通过比较不同形式和强度的国家的结果来比较和提供理论依据 性别歧视。实现这三个目标将使PI为申请未来的R01支持做好准备 独立的人口科学家。由此产生的研究议程将在现有的基础上增加新的生物社会根源 早期生命健康差距的模型和全球疾病负担的评估。

PROJECT SUMMARY Global patterns of unequal progress in economic and human development introduce disparities in health at birth. In the developing world, these changes, accompanied by urbanization, migration, and the nuclearization of households, are also changing the family context into which children are born. Gaps in health at birth are not only because of economic inequality: the social support and social status of mothers in their family contexts are embodied in the health of pregnancies, with consequences for lifelong wellness. However – and despite the importance of these inequalities for public health – because prior population science has lacked the population-level biomarkers needed to understand these processes – a comprehensive understanding of family structure, stress in pregnancy, and disparities in health at birth in the developing world has not previously been possible. In this mentored project, PI Diane Coffey will pursue training in the biomarkers and biological processes of stress in pregnancy in the developing world. Training in population-level biomarker data and stress biology will empower her career as an independent population scientist studying healthy pregnancy as a start to lifelong wellness. The project has three specific aims. Under Aim 1, Coffey will receive mentored training in the use of biomarkers in population-level survey data on pregnant women (blood pressure, obesity, glucose, and hemoglobin), in the biomarkers (cortisol, CRP) and biology of stress in pregnancy, and in biostatistics. She will complete an extensive program of coursework and guided reading, and attend workshops and conferences on biomarkers to analyze data for pregnant populations. Aim 2 is for the PI to conduct within-population studies of consequences of household structures for biomarkers of stress in pregnancy and birth outcomes. One part of Aim 2 will study the importance of three-generation households; another part will investigate the consequences of partner absence. Aim 3 is construct international comparisons and inform theory by comparing outcomes in countries with different forms and intensities of gender discrimination. Achieving these three aims will prepare the PI to apply for future R01 support as an independent population scientist. The resulting research agenda will add new biosocial root causes to existing models of early life health disparities and assessments of the global burden of disease.