Mechanisms Regulating Complex Social Behavior

项目摘要 个人之间的社会联系塑造了许多健康结果。的进展和治疗 广泛的神经精神障碍（例如，精神分裂症）和疾病状态（例如，艾滋病毒阳性） 取决于个人的社会功能。例如，社会支持系统可以提高对 困难的治疗方案，而功能失调的社会认知加剧了心理健康 抑郁和焦虑的挑战。我们的小组在前一时期提供的支持工作 两阶段模型的证据，该模型将神经和计算过程分开， 一个社会背景，从那些指导随后的社会控制。在这里，我们测试的假设， 这些过程反映了社会能力所必需的核心要素--一个人如何匹配 适应当前社会环境的要求。社会能力最近 作为一个一致的，跨物种的框架，解释社会适应性决策先进 situations.此外，社会能力的感知缺陷可以驱动特权，排斥， 系统性歧视-每一种都强化了更大规模的健康差距。在这个项目中，我们将 确定社会等级制度中的地位如何影响决策机制， 对社会等级制度的敏感性，并决定社会环境的复杂性如何变化 决策过程。我们的三个目标依赖于紧密结合和理论上动机良好的 使用灵长类动物电生理学、人类电生理学和神经成像的实验，以及 操纵大脑功能;采用并行任务和社会背景操纵;以及 通过通用计算模型分析行为。我们的工作建立在 上一个赠款周期，表明我们的团体是如何独特的定位，以实现这些目标。

Project Summary Social connections among individuals shape many health outcomes. The progression and treatment of a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders (e.g., schizophrenia) and disease states (e.g., HIV positivity) depend on individuals' social functioning. As examples, social support systems improve adherence to difficult treatment regimens, whereas dysfunctional social perception exacerbates the mental health challenges of depression and anxiety. Work from our groups in the previous period of support provided evidence for a two-stage model that separated the neural and computational processes that establish a social context from those that guide subsequent social control. Here, we test the hypothesis that these processes reflect the core elements necessary for social competence—how one matches behavior to the current demands of the social environment. Social competence has been recently advanced as a consilient, cross-species framework that explains adaptive decision making in social situations. Moreover, perceived deficits in social competence can drive privilege, ostracism, and systemic discrimination—each of which reinforces larger-scale health disparities. In this project, we will determine how status in a social hierarchy influences mechanisms of decision making, manipulate sensitivity to social hierarchies, and determine how the complexity of the social environment changes decision processes. Our three aims rely on tightly integrated and theoretically well-motivated experiments that use primate electrophysiology, human electrophysiology and neuroimaging, and manipulations of brain function; that adopt parallel tasks and social context manipulations; and that analyze behavior through common computational models. Our work builds on progress from the previous grant cycle that demonstrates how our groups are uniquely positioned to achieve these aims.