Mechanisms of replication fork protection and recovery
Mechanisms of replication fork protection and recovery
批准号:
10333344
负责人:
Alessandro Vindigni
金额:
$50.31万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2020
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
未结题
起止时间:
2020-02-12 至 2025-01-31
关键词:
AddressBRCA deficientBRCA1 geneBiological AssayCell LineCell physiologyCellsChemoresistanceCollectionComb animal structureDNADNA DamageDNA RepairDNA biosynthesisDNA replication forkDevelopmentElectron MicroscopyExcisionFiberGenomeGenome StabilityGenomic InstabilityGenotoxic StressGoalsLaboratoriesLeadLightLinkMediatingModelingMolecularPALB2 genePathway interactionsPharmaceutical PreparationsPhosphotransferasesPlayPositioning AttributeProtein AnalysisProteinsProteomicsRecoveryResectedResistanceRoleSignal PathwaySignal TransductionTestingbasecancer cellcancer therapyexperiencegenome integrityimprovedinhibitormutantnovel therapeutic interventionnucleasepreservationpreventprotective factorsrecruitrepairedreplication stresssingle moleculetumorubiquitin-protein ligase
中文摘要
摘要:许多化疗药物通过诱导DNA损伤干扰DNA来杀死癌细胞
复制的复制叉可以逆转以帮助修复化疗药物诱导的DNA损伤,
BRCA蛋白质是保护反向叉免于核溶解降解的关键。 如果没有BRCA,
反向复制叉被核酸酶广泛降解,导致化学敏感性。 此外,委员会认为,
化疗耐药性与BRCA-CRP缺陷细胞保护叉子免于降解的恢复能力有关
其机制尚不清楚 因此,了解细胞如何保护停滞的DNA复制叉
并促进他们的恢复对于发展和改进癌症治疗策略至关重要。在
在这个应用中,我们联合收割机结合了Zou和Vindigni实验室的专业知识来研究其机制
BRCA 1基因表达阳性(Aim 1)和缺失(Aim 2)的细胞中DNA复制叉保护和恢复。 的
Zou实验室在ATR信号通路方面拥有丰富的经验,这对于稳定基因组至关重要。
DNA复制。Vindigni实验室发现了分叉逆转途径的主要步骤。一起工作,
我们已经发现了一些涉及分叉保护的新玩家。 在初步研究中,
目标1,我们发现ATR在保护停滞/反转复制叉方面发挥了以前未被认识到的作用
来自BRCA 1基因表达的细胞中的溶核降解。 我们还表明,ATR是需要有效的
恢复停滞的叉子。基于这个前提,我们假设ATR在本地作用于停滞的复制叉
以保护反向叉免于溶核降解并促进它们在药物去除后重新启动。目标1将
确定ATR在BRCA 1-ESTA中保护停滞/反转的分叉并促进分叉重新启动的机制
熟练的细胞在目标2的初步研究中,我们已经研究了如何保护失速叉
以及它们如何在缺乏BRCA 1的细胞中恢复。我们发现BRCA 1-BRCA 2中广泛退化的复制叉
缺陷细胞可以通过由Rad 18和Ubc 13介导的途径恢复。 此外,当BRCA 1
缺陷细胞获得PARP抑制剂抗性,通过PALB 2-β依赖性机制恢复叉保护,
它依赖于ATR活性。 值得注意的是,Ubc 13和PALB 2都与E3泛素连接酶功能性连接
RNF 168,提高了Ubc 13,RNF 168和PALB 2可能在同一轴上起作用以保护失速的叉子的可能性
并独立于BRCA 1促进fork恢复。 我们假设Ubc 13和PALB 2都有
在没有BRCA 1的情况下,在分叉恢复/保护中发挥意想不到的作用,它们的功能可能通过以下方式联系起来:
RNF168。 目的2将研究Ubc 13如何促进BRCA 1-β缺陷细胞中的叉恢复,PALB 2和
ATR保护BRCA 1-β缺陷型PARP抑制剂-β 2抗性细胞中停滞的分叉,以及Ubc 13-β RNF 168-β 2是否能抑制BRCA 1-β缺陷型PARP抑制剂-β 2抗性细胞中停滞的分叉。
在缺乏BRCA 1的情况下,PALB 2轴可以促进分叉保护和分叉恢复。总的来说,这些研究
将改变目前在BRCA 1基因表达正常和缺乏BRCA 1基因的细胞中分叉稳定和恢复的模型,
利用癌细胞中的复制应激的新治疗策略的机制基础。
英文摘要
Summary: Many chemotherapeutics kill cancer cells by inducing DNA damage interfering with DNA
replication. Replication forks can reverse to aid the repair of DNA damage induced by chemotherapeutics, and
BRCA proteins are key to protecting the reversed forks from nucleolytic degradation. In absence of BRCA,
reversed replication forks are extensively degraded by nucleases, leading to chemosensitivity. Moreover,
chemoresistance has been linked to the restored ability of BRCA-deficient cells to protect forks from degradation
through mechanisms that remain unclear. Thus, understanding how cells protect stalled DNA replication forks
and promote their recovery is critically important for developing and improving strategies for cancer therapy. In
this application, we combine the expertise from the Zou and Vindigni laboratories to investigate the mechanisms
of DNA replication fork protection and recovery in BRCA1-proficient (Aim 1) and -deficient (Aim 2) cells. The
Zou lab has extensive experience in the ATR signaling pathway, which is crucial for stabilizing the genome during
DNA replication. The Vindigni lab has discovered principal steps of the fork reversal pathway. Working together,
we have uncovered a number of new players involved in fork protection. In the preliminary studies leading to
Aim 1, we found that ATR plays a previously unrecognized role in protecting stalled/reversed replication forks
from nucleolytic degradation in BRCA1-proficient cells. We also showed that ATR is required for the efficient
recovery of stalled forks. Based on this premise, we hypothesize that ATR acts locally at stalled replication forks
to protect reversed forks from nucleolytic degradation and to promote their restart after drug removal. Aim 1 will
determine the mechanisms by which ATR protects stalled/reversed forks and promotes fork restart in BRCA1-
proficient cells. In the preliminary studies leading to Aim 2, we have investigated how stalled forks are protected
and how they recover in cells lacking BRCA1. We found that extensively degraded replication forks in BRCA1-
deficient cells can recover through a pathway mediated by Rad18 and Ubc13. Furthermore, when BRCA1-
deficient cells acquire PARP inhibitor resistance, fork protection is restored via a PALB2-dependent mechanism,
which relies on ATR activity. Notably, both Ubc13 and PALB2 are functionally linked to the E3 ubiquitin ligase
RNF168, raising the possibility that Ubc13, RNF168, and PALB2 may act in the same axis to protect stalled forks
and promote fork recovery independently of BRCA1. We hypothesize that both Ubc13 and PALB2 have
unanticipated roles in fork recovery/protection in the absence of BRCA1, and their functions may be linked by
RNF168. Aim 2 will investigate how Ubc13 promotes fork recovery in BRCA1-deficient cells, how PALB2 and
ATR protect stalled forks in BRCA1-deficient PARP inhibitor-resistant cells, and whether a Ubc13-RNF168-
PALB2 axis promotes both fork protection and fork recovery in the absence of BRCA1. Collectively, these studies
will transform current models of fork stabilization and recovery in BRCA1-proficient and -deficient cells, providing
a mechanistic basis for new therapeutic strategies that exploit the replication stress in cancer cells.
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Mechanisms of replication fork protection and recovery
-
批准号:10548855
-
项目类别:
-
资助金额:$50.31万
-
财政年份:2020
-
负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
-
依托单位:
Replication fork repriming versus reversal
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批准号:10544811
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$33.54万
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财政年份:2019
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负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
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依托单位:
Replication fork repriming versus reversal
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批准号:10331777
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$34.55万
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财政年份:2019
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负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
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依托单位:
Replication fork repriming versus reversal
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批准号:10084167
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$36.26万
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财政年份:2019
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负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
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依托单位:
New Mechanisms of Replication Stress Response
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批准号:8788418
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$28.79万
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财政年份:2014
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负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
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依托单位:
New Mechanisms of Replication Stress Response
-
批准号:8612634
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$28.79万
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财政年份:2014
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负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
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依托单位:
海外基金