Replication fork repriming versus reversal
Replication fork repriming versus reversal
批准号:
10331777
负责人:
Alessandro Vindigni
金额:
$34.55万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-08-01 至 2024-01-31
关键词:
AddressAffectBRCA deficientBRCA1 ProteinBRCA1 geneBRCA2 ProteinBRCA2 geneBasic ScienceBiological AssayCancer PatientCancer-Predisposing GeneCell SurvivalCell physiologyCellsCisplatinClinicalClinical OncologyDNADNA DamageDNA PrimaseDNA RepairDNA biosynthesisDNA lesionDNA replication forkDataDevelopmentDoseElectron MicroscopyExposure toFiberGene MutationGeneticGenomeGenome StabilityGenomic InstabilityHereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer SyndromeHourIndividualInheritedLaboratoriesLeadMaintenanceMalignant NeoplasmsMalignant neoplasm of ovaryMediatingMetaphase SpreadModelingMolecularMutationOvarian CarcinomaPathologicPathway interactionsPatientsPharmaceutical PreparationsPharmacotherapyPhenotypePhysiologic pulsePlatinumPlayPolymerasePositioning AttributeProcessProtein DeficiencyProteinsRegimenRoleStructureTestingTimeUp-Regulationbasebiological adaptation to stressbrca genecancer cellcancer therapychemotherapycrosslinkdrug sensitivityexperimental studygenome-widehomologous recombinationimprovedinhibitorinsightknock-downmalignant breast neoplasmmutantneglectnovelnovel therapeutic interventionnucleaseoverexpressionpreventrepairedreplication stressresponsesingle moleculetumor
中文摘要
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英文摘要
Summary: The objective of this proposal is to understand the mechanisms that govern DNA replication fork
stability upon treatment with multiple-drug doses in BRCA-mutant tumors. Mutations in the breast cancer
susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 are associated with several forms of cancer, including breast and
ovarian cancers. BRCA proteins are required for the maintenance of replication fork stability following treatment
with chemotherapeutics such as cisplatin, a DNA cross-liking agent widely used for cancer treatment. Replication
forks can reverse to aid the repair of DNA damage induced by chemotherapeutics and BRCA proteins are key
to protecting the reversed structures from nucleolytic degradation. In absence of BRCA, reversed replication
forks are extensively degraded by nucleases, leading to chemosensitivity. However, the molecular basis of the
DNA-damaging drug sensitivity in BRCA-mutant tumors remain unclear. Defining these mechanisms is crucial
for basic research to inform and improve current clinical oncology regimens based on DNA replication inhibitors.
Most studies focus on the analysis of replication perturbations following a single-dose treatment. For the first
time, we investigated replication fork perturbations in BRCA1-deficient cells treated with cisplatin 24 hours after
pre-exposure to this drug. Our preliminary data challenge the dogma that DNA-damaging drug sensitivity
originates from the extended replication fork degradation phenotype observed after a single-dose treatment in
BRCA1-deficient cells. We found that fork degradation is no longer detectable when using multiple cisplatin
doses. This effect depends on the overexpression and DNA primase activity of the PrimPol polymerase. Based
on this premise, we hypothesize that a PrimPol-dependent pathway rescues replication fork degradation
following multiple rounds of cisplatin treatment and modulates cisplatin sensitivity in BRCA1-deficient cells. We
also posit that cancer cell reliance on fork repriming is enhanced under any condition that leads to reversed fork
degradation¾e.g., BRCA1 or BRCA2 protein deficiency.
Aim 1 will define the function of the dual enzymatic activity of PrimPol in replication fork stability in BRCA1-
deficient cells following treatment with multiple cisplatin doses. Aim 2 will determine whether PrimPol-mediated
repriming rescues fork degradation by suppressing fork reversal, which would otherwise lead to extensive
nascent strand degradation in BRCA-mutants. Aim 3 will determine the impact of the cisplatin-induced PrimPol
overexpression on genomic instability and BRCA1-deficent cancer cell viability. This will be achieved by using a
unique combination of single-molecule DNA replication and electron microscopy approaches available in our
laboratory. These studies will establish a new paradigm for the PrimPol polymerase in replication fork protection
and genomic stability. They will also introduce the novel concept that multiple-drug doses need to be used to
fully understand how cells respond to chemotherapeutics, and they will offer new insights for the treatment of
BRCA-mutant cancer patients by targeting the PrimPol-dependent pathway.
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Mechanisms of replication fork protection and recovery
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批准号:10333344
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$50.31万
-
财政年份:2020
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负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
-
依托单位:
Mechanisms of replication fork protection and recovery
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批准号:10548855
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$50.31万
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财政年份:2020
-
负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
-
依托单位:
Replication fork repriming versus reversal
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批准号:10544811
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$33.54万
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财政年份:2019
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负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
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依托单位:
Replication fork repriming versus reversal
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批准号:10084167
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$36.26万
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财政年份:2019
-
负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
-
依托单位:
New Mechanisms of Replication Stress Response
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批准号:8788418
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$28.79万
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财政年份:2014
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负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
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依托单位:
New Mechanisms of Replication Stress Response
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批准号:8612634
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$28.79万
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财政年份:2014
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负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
-
依托单位:
海外基金