Replication fork repriming versus reversal
复制叉重新启动与逆转
基本信息
- 批准号:10331777
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 34.55万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2019
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2019-08-01 至 2024-01-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AddressAffectBRCA deficientBRCA1 ProteinBRCA1 geneBRCA2 ProteinBRCA2 geneBasic ScienceBiological AssayCancer PatientCancer-Predisposing GeneCell SurvivalCell physiologyCellsCisplatinClinicalClinical OncologyDNADNA DamageDNA PrimaseDNA RepairDNA biosynthesisDNA lesionDNA replication forkDataDevelopmentDoseElectron MicroscopyExposure toFiberGene MutationGeneticGenomeGenome StabilityGenomic InstabilityHereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer SyndromeHourIndividualInheritedLaboratoriesLeadMaintenanceMalignant NeoplasmsMalignant neoplasm of ovaryMediatingMetaphase SpreadModelingMolecularMutationOvarian CarcinomaPathologicPathway interactionsPatientsPharmaceutical PreparationsPharmacotherapyPhenotypePhysiologic pulsePlatinumPlayPolymerasePositioning AttributeProcessProtein DeficiencyProteinsRegimenRoleStructureTestingTimeUp-Regulationbasebiological adaptation to stressbrca genecancer cellcancer therapychemotherapycrosslinkdrug sensitivityexperimental studygenome-widehomologous recombinationimprovedinhibitorinsightknock-downmalignant breast neoplasmmutantneglectnovelnovel therapeutic interventionnucleaseoverexpressionpreventrepairedreplication stressresponsesingle moleculetumor
项目摘要
Summary: The objective of this proposal is to understand the mechanisms that govern DNA replication fork
stability upon treatment with multiple-drug doses in BRCA-mutant tumors. Mutations in the breast cancer
susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 are associated with several forms of cancer, including breast and
ovarian cancers. BRCA proteins are required for the maintenance of replication fork stability following treatment
with chemotherapeutics such as cisplatin, a DNA cross-liking agent widely used for cancer treatment. Replication
forks can reverse to aid the repair of DNA damage induced by chemotherapeutics and BRCA proteins are key
to protecting the reversed structures from nucleolytic degradation. In absence of BRCA, reversed replication
forks are extensively degraded by nucleases, leading to chemosensitivity. However, the molecular basis of the
DNA-damaging drug sensitivity in BRCA-mutant tumors remain unclear. Defining these mechanisms is crucial
for basic research to inform and improve current clinical oncology regimens based on DNA replication inhibitors.
Most studies focus on the analysis of replication perturbations following a single-dose treatment. For the first
time, we investigated replication fork perturbations in BRCA1-deficient cells treated with cisplatin 24 hours after
pre-exposure to this drug. Our preliminary data challenge the dogma that DNA-damaging drug sensitivity
originates from the extended replication fork degradation phenotype observed after a single-dose treatment in
BRCA1-deficient cells. We found that fork degradation is no longer detectable when using multiple cisplatin
doses. This effect depends on the overexpression and DNA primase activity of the PrimPol polymerase. Based
on this premise, we hypothesize that a PrimPol-dependent pathway rescues replication fork degradation
following multiple rounds of cisplatin treatment and modulates cisplatin sensitivity in BRCA1-deficient cells. We
also posit that cancer cell reliance on fork repriming is enhanced under any condition that leads to reversed fork
degradation¾e.g., BRCA1 or BRCA2 protein deficiency.
Aim 1 will define the function of the dual enzymatic activity of PrimPol in replication fork stability in BRCA1-
deficient cells following treatment with multiple cisplatin doses. Aim 2 will determine whether PrimPol-mediated
repriming rescues fork degradation by suppressing fork reversal, which would otherwise lead to extensive
nascent strand degradation in BRCA-mutants. Aim 3 will determine the impact of the cisplatin-induced PrimPol
overexpression on genomic instability and BRCA1-deficent cancer cell viability. This will be achieved by using a
unique combination of single-molecule DNA replication and electron microscopy approaches available in our
laboratory. These studies will establish a new paradigm for the PrimPol polymerase in replication fork protection
and genomic stability. They will also introduce the novel concept that multiple-drug doses need to be used to
fully understand how cells respond to chemotherapeutics, and they will offer new insights for the treatment of
BRCA-mutant cancer patients by targeting the PrimPol-dependent pathway.
摘要:这项提案的目的是了解DNA复制叉的调控机制,
BRCA-10突变肿瘤在多次给药后的稳定性。乳腺癌的突变
易感基因BRCA 1和BRCA 2与几种癌症有关,包括乳腺癌和
BRCA蛋白是维持治疗后复制叉稳定性所必需的
与化疗药物如顺铂,一种广泛用于癌症治疗的DNA交联剂。
叉可以逆转,以帮助修复化疗药物诱导的DNA损伤,BRCA蛋白是关键
在没有BRCA的情况下,
叉被核酸酶广泛降解,导致化学敏感性。
BRCA-β突变型肿瘤中DNA损伤的药物敏感性尚不清楚,确定这些机制至关重要
用于基础研究,以告知和改进基于DNA复制抑制剂的当前临床肿瘤学方案。
大多数研究集中在分析单次给药后的复制扰动。
同时,我们研究了顺铂处理后24小时BRCA 1-β 2缺陷细胞中复制叉的扰动,
我们的初步数据挑战了DNA损伤药物敏感性的教条
来源于单次给药后观察到的延长复制叉降解表型。
我们发现当使用多个顺铂时,不再检测到叉降解
这种效应取决于PrimPol聚合酶的过表达和DNA引发酶活性。
在此前提下,我们假设PrimPol依赖性途径挽救了复制叉的降解
在多轮顺铂治疗后,BRCA 1-β 1基因缺陷细胞的顺铂敏感性发生了变化。
还证实,在任何导致反向分叉的条件下,癌细胞对分叉再引发的依赖性都会增强。
降解例如, BRCA 1或BRCA 2蛋白缺乏症。
目的1将定义PrimPol的双重酶活性在BRCA 1-BRCA 2中复制叉稳定性中的功能。
目的2将确定PrimPol介导的细胞凋亡是否与多剂量顺铂治疗有关。
重新启动通过抑制分叉反转来挽救分叉退化,否则会导致广泛的
目的3将确定顺铂-顺铂诱导的PrimPol
过表达对基因组不稳定性和BRCA 1-β缺陷癌细胞活力的影响。这将通过使用
独特的单克隆分子DNA复制和电子显微镜方法的组合,可在我们的
这些研究将为PrimPol聚合酶在复制叉保护中建立新的范例
和基因组稳定性。他们还将介绍一个新的概念,即需要使用多剂量的药物,
完全了解细胞如何对化疗药物作出反应,他们将为治疗
BRCA-p53基因突变的癌症患者通过靶向PrimPol-p53依赖性途径。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Alessandro Vindigni其他文献
Alessandro Vindigni的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Alessandro Vindigni', 18)}}的其他基金
Mechanisms of replication fork protection and recovery
复制叉保护和恢复机制
- 批准号:
10333344 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 34.55万 - 项目类别:
Mechanisms of replication fork protection and recovery
复制叉保护和恢复机制
- 批准号:
10548855 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 34.55万 - 项目类别:
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