Energy Expenditure and Weight-Related Behaviors in Youth with Down Syndrome

肥胖的后果是不祥的，但我们没有充分预防或治疗年轻人的肥胖 患有唐氏综合症(DS)。在DS中，肥胖与不利的健康后果有关。此外，肥胖症 进一步限制了一个人的独立性、最佳运作能力、自我管理健康并创造了额外的 照顾者面临的挑战。 每日总能量消耗(TDEE)是指在24小时内通过体力活动消耗的能量 和生理过程。一个人的TDEE对于确定每天的卡路里摄入量是必不可少的 保持或改变体重。此外，TDEE是由提供预期指导的基础 医疗保健专业人员，以优化增长和体重管理。成功地预防和治疗 患有DS的青少年中的肥胖由于缺乏关于TDEE的准确数据和关于 针对这一高危人群的体重相关行为。 这项前瞻性的横断面研究将包括230名患有DS的青年样本(按年龄和性别分层)。 双标记水(DLW)分析将提供标准的体脂百分比、脱脂质量和TDEE。学习 参与者将利用DS-Connect®和DS家庭组织在全国范围内招募。至 提高可访问性、支持注册并减轻参与者负担，所有数据收集将 以虚拟方式进行。 使用DLW，本研究将：1)检验和描述基于年龄和性别的平均TDEE；2)发展一个 基于实际TDEE的预测方程用基于FAT的最佳拟合模型预测能源需求 免费质量、性别、年龄、身高和/或体重，以及3)使用24小时饮食召回、营养和身体检查 描述饮食摄入模式和质量的活动筛选器、加速计和睡眠问卷 青少年DS患者的睡眠、体力活动持续时间和频率。这将进一步提供 对体重相关行为作为肥胖决定因素的理解，目前对此还不太了解 人口。 青少年DS患者的能量消耗和体重相关行为缺乏准确信息 严重阻碍了这一弱势群体成功预防和治疗肥胖症。发现 这项拟议的研究将促进残疾人体重管理的科学， 处理国家研究优先事项，并转变临床实践范式。

The consequences of obesity are ominous, yet we are not adequately preventing or treating obesity in youth with Down Syndrome (DS). In DS, obesity has been linked to adverse health outcomes. In addition, obesity further limits one’s independence, ability to optimally function, self-manage health and creates additional challenges for caregivers. Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) is the energy expended in a 24-hour period through physical activity and physiologic processes. An individual’s TDEE is essential for determining daily caloric intake needed to maintain or change body weight. Furthermore, TDEE is the foundation of anticipatory guidance provided by health care professionals to optimize growth and weight management. Successful prevention and treatment of obesity in youth with DS is severely compromised by the lack of accurate data on TDEE and information on weight-related behaviors for this high-risk population. This prospective, cross-sectional study will include a sample of 230 youth with DS, (stratified by age and sex). Doubly Labeled Water (DLW) analysis will provide the criterion body fat%, fat-free mass and TDEE. Study participants will be recruited nationally, utilizing DS-Connect® and DS family focused organizations. To increase accessibility, support enrollment, and decrease burden on participants, all data collection will be conducted virtually. Using DLW, this study will, 1) examine and describe average TDEE based on age and sex, 2) develop a prediction equation based on actual TDEE to predict energy requirements with a best-fit model based on fat- free mass, sex, age, and height and/or weight, and 3) use 24-hour dietary recalls, a nutrition and physical activity screener, accelerometers, and sleep questionnaire to describe the patterns and quality of dietary intake and sleep and duration and frequency of physical activity in youth with DS. This will provide further understanding of weight-related behaviors as obesity determinants, currently not well understood for this population. The lack of accurate information on energy expenditure and weight-related behaviors in youth with DS significantly impedes successful prevention and treatment of obesity for this vulnerable population. Findings from the proposed study will advance the science of weight management in individuals with disabilities, address national research priorities, and shift clinical practice paradigms.